【摘要】：大量的事故分析結(jié)果表明，疲勞駕駛是導(dǎo)致重特大交通事故的主要因素之一。因此，如何實時的判別疲勞駕駛，有效地防止疲勞駕駛造成的交通事故，對于提高道路交通安全具有非常重大的意義。 首先，本文在分析國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上，重點介紹疲勞駕駛的形成原因、影響因素以及疲勞駕駛和駕駛員駕駛行為的關(guān)系。根據(jù)疲勞駕駛狀態(tài)下駕駛員的駕駛行為特征提出了基于駕駛行為的疲勞駕駛判別方法。 其次，基于駕駛模擬綜合實驗平臺，合理設(shè)計實驗進行數(shù)據(jù)采集。文中重點說明了實驗的方案設(shè)計及數(shù)據(jù)采集，，詳細闡述了實驗中對于影響因素的控制方法。通過實驗獲得了駕駛員在不同狀態(tài)下的主觀特征、駕駛適應(yīng)性數(shù)據(jù)以及駕駛行為數(shù)據(jù)等基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。 再次，通過疲勞駕駛的主觀特征和駕駛適應(yīng)性特征兩個方面進行分析，研究疲勞駕駛影響機理，選取檢測駕駛疲勞的駕駛行為指標(biāo)。對主觀特征進行了分布特征分析，說明駕駛員各方面的主觀變化特征；運用重復(fù)測量方差分析和logistic回歸分析對駕駛適應(yīng)性指標(biāo)特征進行了研究，說明了疲勞駕駛影響駕駛員的基本機理。研究表明，疲勞駕駛時，駕駛員駕駛態(tài)度謹慎，但反應(yīng)能力、認知能力以及操作能力受到嚴重影響�；诖�，從車輛的運行狀態(tài)和駕駛員操作行為兩方面的特征探討了疲勞駕駛行為特征指標(biāo)的選取。 最后，分析了疲勞駕駛狀態(tài)下的駕駛行為特征。主要運用統(tǒng)計分析方法對駕駛員在正常以及疲勞駕駛狀態(tài)的駕駛行為數(shù)據(jù)進行了對比分析。對駕駛行為指標(biāo)，即速度、方向盤操作和車輛橫向位置特征進行分析，分析中同時考慮不同道路條件的影響。通過研究明確了疲勞駕駛時車速偏高，且車輛橫、縱向運行穩(wěn)定性下降的特征，而且說明了疲勞對駕駛行為的影響與道路條件相關(guān)。 通過影響分析研究，提取了受疲勞狀態(tài)顯著影響的多種駕駛行為指標(biāo)，并基于這些駕駛行為指標(biāo)，探索了不同道路線型下基于ROC曲線方法的疲勞駕駛狀態(tài)判別方法。同時，對自主開發(fā)的基于駕駛行為的危險駕駛行為檢測及預(yù)警系統(tǒng)軟件進行了簡介，說明了對疲勞駕駛識別預(yù)警的基本功能，并進行了系統(tǒng)的有效性驗證。 本次研究主要從駕駛行為特征研究出發(fā)，通過對疲勞駕駛影響機理分析以及對駕駛行為與疲勞駕駛狀態(tài)的關(guān)系研究，提出了一種基于駕駛行為指標(biāo)在不同道路線形下判別疲勞駕駛的方法，并開發(fā)了可應(yīng)用于車載的疲勞駕駛檢測和預(yù)警系統(tǒng)軟件。對于疲勞駕駛等危險駕駛行為的檢測和預(yù)警研究具有積極的推動作用。
[Abstract]:A large number of accident analysis results show that fatigue driving is one of the main factors leading to serious traffic accidents. Therefore, how to distinguish fatigue driving in real time and effectively prevent traffic accidents caused by fatigue driving is of great significance to improve road traffic safety. First of all, based on the analysis of the current research situation at home and abroad, this paper focuses on the formation of fatigue driving, influencing factors and the relationship between fatigue driving and driver behavior. According to the characteristics of driver's driving behavior in the state of fatigue driving, a method of discriminating fatigue driving based on driving behavior is proposed. Secondly, based on the driving simulation platform, the experiment is designed to collect data. In this paper, the scheme design and data acquisition of the experiment are described in detail, and the control methods of the influencing factors in the experiment are described in detail. The basic data of driver's subjective characteristics, driving adaptability data and driving behavior data were obtained by experiments. Thirdly, through the analysis of subjective characteristics and driving adaptability characteristics of fatigue driving, the influence mechanism of fatigue driving is studied, and the driving behavior index is selected to detect driving fatigue. The distribution characteristics of subjective features are analyzed to illustrate the subjective characteristics of drivers in all aspects, and the characteristics of driving adaptability index are studied by repeated measurement variance analysis and logistic regression analysis. The basic mechanism of fatigue driving affecting driver is explained. The results show that the driver's attitude is cautious, but the ability of reaction, cognition and operation are seriously affected. Based on this, the selection of fatigue driving behavior characteristic index is discussed from two aspects of vehicle running state and driver operation behavior. Finally, the characteristics of driving behavior under fatigue driving condition are analyzed. The statistical analysis method is used to compare the driving behavior data of drivers in normal and fatigue driving states. The characteristics of driving behavior, that is, speed, steering wheel operation and vehicle lateral position, are analyzed, and the influence of different road conditions is considered in the analysis. The characteristics of the high speed and the decrease of the lateral and longitudinal running stability of the vehicle during fatigue driving are clarified, and the influence of fatigue on driving behavior is related to the road conditions. Based on the influence analysis, a variety of driving behavior indexes which are significantly affected by fatigue state are extracted, and based on these driving behavior indexes, the fatigue driving state discrimination method based on ROC curve method under different road alignment is explored. At the same time, the self-developed software of dangerous driving behavior detection and warning system based on driving behavior is introduced, the basic function of fatigue driving identification and warning system is explained, and the validity of the system is verified. Based on the study of the characteristics of driving behavior, the influence mechanism of fatigue driving and the relationship between driving behavior and fatigue driving state are analyzed in this study. This paper presents a method to distinguish fatigue driving under different road alignment based on driving behavior index, and develops a fatigue driving detection and early warning system software which can be applied to vehicle. The research on the detection and early warning of dangerous driving behaviors such as fatigue driving plays an active role.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.254

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