本文選題：城市公交 + 加權復雜網絡　； 參考：《北京交通大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：摘要：城市公共交通系統(tǒng)是一個由靜態(tài)拓撲網絡子系統(tǒng)和動態(tài)流量子系統(tǒng)相互作用、相互影響而形成的復雜、動態(tài)巨系統(tǒng),也是一個在長期的發(fā)展過程中,受城市社會經濟活動、空間結構、地理特征甚至文化習俗等多重因素影響的演化產物。對于城市公交系統(tǒng)的復雜性,近年來興起的復雜網絡理論為研究公交系統(tǒng)內部和外部的耦合作用和組織機理提供了一個新視角、新方法。隨著復雜網絡理論在國內外學術界掀起的研究熱潮不斷高漲,人們對復雜網絡的研究更多地關注在網絡構成要素和信息的不斷變化以及網絡的演化過程和動力學行為上。城市公交網絡是一個具有技術網絡和社會網絡特征混合而成的復合型復雜網絡,具有時空動態(tài)復雜性,研究城市公交網絡結構的復雜性,不僅要研究公交網絡本身的靜態(tài)拓撲特性,更重要的是要研究加載了動態(tài)客流量信息的加權網絡所體現(xiàn)出來的特性。而目前,對基于客流動態(tài)行為的公交加權網絡研究幾乎沒有,為更好地把握公交系統(tǒng)的組織結構和整體特性,需要用公交網絡的影響要素動態(tài)變化的觀點來重新認識網絡,建立模型來模擬公交網絡的演化過程以再現(xiàn)網絡結構屬性,并分析公交網絡這一復雜系統(tǒng)的動力學行為。這些問題的研究對于從復雜網絡理論角度優(yōu)化和調整城市公交線網具有重要的理論及現(xiàn)實指導意義。 本文以加載了客流動態(tài)行為的城市公共交通系統(tǒng)作為研究對象,基于復雜網絡理論和公交系統(tǒng)規(guī)劃理論,對城市公交加權復雜網絡的結構特征及動力學行為進行了研究。首先提出了加權復雜網絡特征度量指標和模型構建方法,利用統(tǒng)計分析與比較分析相結合的方法,對城市公交無權和有權復雜網絡結構的統(tǒng)計特性進行了實證研究；其次在總結公交加權網絡系統(tǒng)特性的基礎上,探索形成這些網絡結構的演化機理,針對不同的公交網絡抽象形式構建了加權網絡演化模型,研究了有、無承載力約束下的公交網絡演化特性；最后提出公交網絡穩(wěn)定性概念和分析指標,考慮網絡上的流量分布特性,研究了不同外部影響條件下公交加權網絡的動力學行為,為提高公交網絡穩(wěn)定性提供理論依據(jù)。 具體來講,本文的研究工作主要有如下幾個方面： 1.提出了基于客流的城市公交加權復雜網絡模型構造方法�？紤]公交網絡上的客流特征,將現(xiàn)實城市公交系統(tǒng)抽象構建為三類加權復雜網絡模型,突破了傳統(tǒng)公交復雜網絡理論研究以靜態(tài)物理統(tǒng)計特性為出發(fā)點的局限。系統(tǒng)梳理了復雜網絡加權特征度量指標,并結合網絡流量特征提出了一些加權度量指標,豐富了加權復雜網絡的統(tǒng)計指標。 2.對基于客流量的城市公交無權和加權復雜網絡進行了統(tǒng)計分析實證研究。在對北京公交客流數(shù)據(jù)收集與處理的基礎上,采用統(tǒng)計物理學、計算機模擬等方法分別針對北京地面公交系統(tǒng)、軌道交通系統(tǒng)以及融合地面公交和軌道交通的雙方式公交系統(tǒng)進行了三類復雜加權網絡、7個子系統(tǒng)維度的統(tǒng)計分析,通過無權靜態(tài)拓撲結構與加權動態(tài)網絡結構的復雜網絡特征比對分析,多角度、多維度地挖掘了公交系統(tǒng)的結構組織特征和功能,探討了公交系統(tǒng)演化的機理。 3.研究了有、無承載力約束的城市公交加權復雜網絡演化模型,以真實合理地再現(xiàn)公交網絡的演化過程。在綜合考慮公交系統(tǒng)演化過程中的乘客利益、公交公司利益、地理空間位置等影響因素基礎上,通過理論解析與數(shù)值模擬的方法,分別研究構造了基于客流分布及擾動影響動態(tài)變化的公交線路、公交站點以及公交換乘加權網絡演化模型,探討了演化過程中的流量動態(tài)行為。通過解析公交網絡存在客流承載能力限制的機理,本文進一步研究了在網絡點強度、邊權承載能力有限的條件下,公交加權網絡演化模型的網絡結構和流量分布特性,探討了公交網絡的承載力約束閾值,挖掘出了實際公交加權網絡結構統(tǒng)計特性的產生機制。 4.研究了城市公交加權復雜網絡的動力學行為,對加載了流量信息的公交網絡穩(wěn)定性進行了分析。本文提出了公交加權網絡的穩(wěn)定性概念和分析指標,分別采用交通動力學和級聯(lián)失效兩種方法來研究公交加權網絡的動態(tài)穩(wěn)定性,即考慮網絡上流量具有自主性和選擇性行為,采用公交OD配流理論來研究公交換乘網絡上的動力學行為；構建面向加權網絡的耦合映像格子(CML)穩(wěn)定性分析模型,通過考慮流量的局域再分配動態(tài)行為,研究具有混沌動力系統(tǒng)特征的網絡無權和加權要素的相互耦合作用而導致的公交站點加權網絡級聯(lián)失效行為。
[Abstract]:Abstract: the urban public transport system is a complex, dynamic giant system which is formed by the interaction and interaction of the static topology network subsystem and the dynamic flow subsystem. It is also an evolution in the long-term development process, influenced by the multiple factors such as urban social and economic activities, spatial structure, geographical features and even cultural customs. As for the complexity of the urban public transport system, the complex network theory, which has emerged in recent years, provides a new perspective for the study of the internal and external coupling and organization mechanism of the bus system. With the development of the complex network theory in the academic circles at home and abroad, the research upsurge is not broken, and people have more research on complex networks. The urban public transport network is a complex complex network with the characteristics of the technical network and the social network. It has the dynamic complexity of the time and space, and studies the complexity of the urban bus network structure, not only to study the bus network, but also to study the bus network. It is more important to study the characteristics of the weighted network loaded with dynamic passenger traffic information. At present, there is little research on the bus weighted network based on the dynamic behavior of passenger flow. In order to better grasp the organization structure and the overall characteristics of the bus system, it is necessary to use the influence factors of the bus network. In the view of dynamic change, the network is re recognized, the model is built to simulate the evolution process of the bus network to reproduce the network structure properties, and the dynamic behavior of the complex system is analyzed. The research of these problems has important theory and reality for optimizing and adjusting the city bus network from the angle of complex network theory. Guide meaning.
In this paper, the urban public transport system loading the dynamic behavior of passenger flow is taken as the research object. Based on the complex network theory and the bus system planning theory, the structural characteristics and dynamic behavior of the urban bus weighted complex network are studied. First, the characteristic measurement index and model construction method of the weighted complex network are put forward, and the system is used to make use of the system. In this paper, the statistical characteristics of urban public transport with unauthorized and weighted complex network structure are empirically studied. Secondly, on the basis of summarizing the characteristics of the bus weighted network system, the evolution mechanism of these network structures is explored, and the weighted network performance is constructed for different abstract forms of public transport networks. The evolution characteristics of bus network under the constraint of no bearing capacity are studied. Finally, the concept and the analysis index of the stability of the bus network are put forward. The dynamic behavior of the bus weighted network under the different external influence conditions is studied, and the theoretical basis for the stability of the bus network is provided.
Specifically, the research work in this paper is as follows:
1. the construction method of urban bus weighted complex network model based on passenger flow is proposed. Considering the passenger flow characteristics on the bus network, the realistic urban public transport system is abstractly constructed as the three kind of weighted complex network model, which breaks through the limitation of the traditional bus complex network theory with static physical statistical characteristics as the starting point. Combined with the characteristics of network traffic, some weighted metrics are proposed, which enrich the statistical index of weighted complex networks.
2. a statistical analysis is made on the unauthorized and weighted complex network based on passenger traffic. Based on the data collection and processing of Beijing bus passenger flow, the methods of statistical physics and computer simulation are used to deal with the Beijing bus system, the rail transit system and the integration of the ground public transport and the rail transit. The dual mode bus system carries out three classes of complex weighted networks, 7 sub-systems dimension statistical analysis, through the unweighted static topology and weighted dynamic network structure complex network characteristics comparison analysis, multi angle, multi dimension excavation of the structure of the bus system structure and function, and discuss the mechanism of the evolution of the bus system.
3. study the evolution model of urban public transport weighted complex network with no bearing capacity constraints, in order to reproduce the evolution process of the bus network in a real and reasonable way. On the basis of comprehensive consideration of the passengers' benefit, the benefit of the bus company, the geographical location and so on, the method of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation on the basis of the comprehensive consideration of the public transport system evolution process is divided into the methods of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Do not study the bus line, bus station and bus transfer weighted network evolution model based on the dynamic change of passenger flow distribution and disturbance influence, and discuss the flow dynamic behavior in the process of evolution. By analyzing the mechanism of passenger flow carrying capacity limitation in the bus network, this paper further studies the network point strength and side weight carrying capacity. Under the conditions of limited capacity, the network structure and traffic distribution characteristics of the bus weighted network evolution model are discussed, and the constraint threshold of the carrying capacity of the bus network is discussed, and the generating mechanism of the statistical characteristics of the actual bus weighted network structure is excavated.
4. the dynamic behavior of the urban bus weighted complex network is studied. The stability of the bus network loaded with traffic information is analyzed. The stability concept and the analysis index of the bus weighted network are proposed in this paper. The dynamic stability of the bus weighted network is studied with two methods of traffic dynamics and cascading failure, namely, the examination of the bus weighted network. Considering the autonomous and selective behavior of traffic on the network, the dynamic behavior on the bus transfer network is studied by the bus OD distribution theory, and the stability analysis model of the coupled map lattice (CML) for weighted network is constructed. By considering the local redistribution dynamic line of the flow, the network with the characteristics of the chaotic dynamical system is studied. The weighted network cascading failure of bus stops caused by the coupling of weights and weighted elements.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.17

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