本文選題：航道回淤 + 風(fēng)�。� 參考：《中國海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：淤泥質(zhì)海岸深水航道的泥沙淤積一直是困擾航道開挖和港口建設(shè)的突出問題，對航道回淤狀況進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場勘測也往往受海況、成本等因素制約，面臨著許多現(xiàn)實(shí)的困難和挑戰(zhàn)；而對淤泥質(zhì)海岸深水航道回淤強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬研究，不僅會(huì)節(jié)省大量的成本，還可以針對極端海況下航道的回淤強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行模擬預(yù)報(bào)，這對于類似海岸下航道選址和港口規(guī)劃都具有重要的意義。本文基于靖海灣海域這一浪控和潮控的淤泥質(zhì)復(fù)合型海灣，綜合運(yùn)用波浪、潮流、泥沙數(shù)學(xué)模型，從以下三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了數(shù)值研究: 首先，運(yùn)用MIKE21SW譜波浪模型分別以2004、2005年的風(fēng)場數(shù)據(jù)為驅(qū)動(dòng)，針對中國連云港-韓國羅州群島連線以北，中國威海成山頭-朝鮮長山串連線以南的黃海海域大范圍波浪進(jìn)行模擬，并與實(shí)測值進(jìn)行對比驗(yàn)證，驗(yàn)證結(jié)果良好。然后用MIKE21HD FM水動(dòng)力模型、MIKE21MT FM粘性泥沙模型對靖海灣海域大潮和小潮期的潮流、泥沙進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬，根據(jù)實(shí)測站位數(shù)據(jù)分別對潮位、流速、流向、懸沙濃度進(jìn)行了對比驗(yàn)證，驗(yàn)證結(jié)果總體上比較良好。 其次，對純潮流作用下20萬噸級(jí)航道的四季沖淤演變進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬，分析純流作用對靖海灣海域海床高度變化的影響；重點(diǎn)對風(fēng)、浪、流共同作用下10萬噸級(jí)和20萬噸級(jí)航道四季的底床沖淤演變、航道縱向不同研究剖面沿程淤積進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬分析，并對比了兩種工況航道橫向斷面的年回淤強(qiáng)度和航道沿程年回淤強(qiáng)度；通過20萬噸級(jí)航道在純流作用和風(fēng)、浪、流共同作用兩種不同模擬情況的對比，分析靖海灣海域的沖淤以及航道沿程年回淤強(qiáng)度變化規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明：外航道3km-4km里程段是航道年淤積強(qiáng)度最高的位置；隨著航道開挖水深的增加，航道沿程淤積高峰厚度和淤積范圍都有所增大，隨著航道向深海延伸，回淤強(qiáng)度逐漸減��；加入風(fēng)、浪影響后，航道的回淤強(qiáng)度明顯增強(qiáng)，這種影響在風(fēng)、浪作用較強(qiáng)的夏季表現(xiàn)的尤為明顯。 最后，參考相關(guān)水文規(guī)范和以往研究成果，確定此區(qū)域50年一遇的12種極端海況潮位和波浪要素，對極端海況作用24小時(shí)后，，研究區(qū)域的懸沙分布、海床高度變化和航道回淤強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行了預(yù)報(bào)分析。研究結(jié)果表明：短時(shí)間內(nèi)因臺(tái)風(fēng)、寒潮等復(fù)雜海況形成強(qiáng)波浪和極端增水，增大了泥沙的掀揚(yáng)和輸移，使得航道淤積高峰位置向近港方向移動(dòng)；極端海況加劇了深水航道在短時(shí)間內(nèi)的回淤強(qiáng)度，其一天產(chǎn)生的淤積量相當(dāng)于平時(shí)幾倍甚至十幾倍,工程中應(yīng)引起足夠的重視。
[Abstract]:Sediment deposition in deep water channel of muddy coast is always a prominent problem that puzzles channel excavation and port construction. Field survey of channel siltation is often restricted by sea conditions, cost and other factors, and it faces many practical difficulties and challenges. The numerical simulation study on the silt strength of the silt coast deepwater channel can not only save a lot of cost, but also predict the siltation intensity of the channel under extreme sea conditions. This is of great significance for similar coastal channel location and port planning. In this paper, based on the wave control and tidal control silt complex bay, the mathematical models of wave, tidal current and sediment are comprehensively used to study the following three aspects: first of all, Based on the wind field data of 2004 and 2005, the Mi KE21SW wave model is used to simulate the large range of waves in the Huang Hai sea area north of Lianyungang and Raozhou Islands in South Korea, south of the Chengshantou of Weihai in China and Changshan in Korea. The results are compared with the measured values and the results are good. Then, using the MIKE21HD FM hydrodynamic model and MIKE21MT FM viscous sediment model, the tidal current and sediment during the spring tide and the low tide in Jinghai Bay are numerically simulated, and the tidal level, velocity, flow direction and suspended sediment concentration are compared and verified according to the measured station data. The results are good on the whole. Secondly, the four seasons scour and siltation evolution of 200 000 ton waterway under pure tidal current is simulated, and the influence of pure current on sea bed height in Jinghai Bay is analyzed, with emphasis on wind and wave. Under the combined action of flow, the bottom bed scour and siltation evolution of 100,000-ton and 200,000 tonnage waterways are simulated and analyzed by numerical simulation. The annual siltation intensity and the annual siltation intensity along the channel are compared between the transverse section of the channel under two operating conditions, and the comparison of the two different simulation cases of the combined action of wind, wave and current in the pure current, wind, wave and current through the 200 000 ton waterway. The changes of erosion and siltation intensity along the channel are analyzed. The results show that the 3km-4km mileage of the outer waterway is the position with the highest annual siltation intensity of the channel, and with the increase of the depth of the channel excavation, the maximum thickness and the range of the siltation along the channel increase, and as the channel extends to the deep sea, The siltation intensity decreases gradually and the siltation intensity of the channel increases obviously after the addition of wind and wave, especially in the summer when wind and wave action are stronger. Finally, with reference to relevant hydrological norms and previous research results, the distribution of suspended sediment in the study area after 24 hours of action on extreme sea conditions is determined by determining the tidal level and wave elements of 12 extreme sea conditions that occur once in 50 years. The variation of sea bed height and the siltation intensity of channel are forecasted and analyzed. The results show that strong waves and extreme water increase due to typhoon, cold wave and other complex sea conditions in a short period of time, which increase the lift and transport of sediment, and make the channel siltation peak position move towards the port direction; The extreme sea condition intensifies the desilting intensity of deepwater channel in a short period of time, and the amount of siltation produced in one day is several times or even more than ten times as much as that of normal times, so enough attention should be paid to it in engineering.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U612.2

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本文編號(hào)：2095366