本文選題：探地雷達 + 超前地質預報��； 參考：《中國海洋大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：青島市軌道交通一期工程地鐵3號線全程為地下線路，長約24.9km，設22座車站，總體呈“西-東-北-西”走向橫穿青島市區(qū)。地鐵隧道于2011年初開工建設，基于探地雷達技術的超前地質預報工作也隨之展開。由于地鐵隧洞洞頂埋深小于30m，沿線地層變化較大，，地質災害體發(fā)育，建立不同地質災害體的GPR異常特征是保證探測效果的關鍵。此外，隧道封閉的空間結構以及探測現(xiàn)場周圍存在的鋼拱、施工機械、用電設備等對GPR探測信號產生了嚴重干擾，甚至完全覆蓋了有效信號，易造成解譯誤判。 為解決上述GPR超前預報關鍵技術，本文分析了青島地鐵3號線236組掌子面實測GPR剖面，總結了典型地質體反射信號和干擾信號的異常特征；并對比理論計算剖面確定了信號識別特征。此外還對GPR噪聲信號和去噪方法進行了分析研究，初步確定了噪聲的干擾形態(tài)和規(guī)避方式。研究取得的主要成果如下： （1）確定了不同風化及富水程度巖體的GPR信號特征，分析了施工環(huán)境對探測的干擾影響； （2）建立了典型地質體的GPR標準正演剖面，分析了各個地質體引起的反射信號特征； （3）確定了探測過程中鋼拱、施工機械噪聲的干擾形態(tài)及影響范圍； （4）常規(guī)的高通、低通、帶通濾波處理對噪聲信號的壓制效果不明顯，通過在掌子面鉛直布線采集的方式，改變了天線響應方向，較大程度地規(guī)避了干擾源的影響范圍。
[Abstract]:The subway line 3 of the first phase of Qingdao rail transit project is an underground line with a length of about 24.9km, and 22 stations are set up, which are "west, east, north and west" and cross the urban area of Qingdao. The construction of subway tunnel started in early 2011, and the advance geological forecast based on ground penetrating radar (GPR) technology was also carried out. Because the buried depth of the top of subway tunnel is less than 30 m, the strata along the tunnel are changed greatly and the geological hazard body is developed, the key to ensure the detection effect is to establish the abnormal characteristics of GPR of different geological hazard bodies. In addition, the closed space structure of the tunnel and the steel arch, construction machinery and electrical equipment around the detection site have caused serious interference to the GPR detection signal, and even completely covered the effective signal, which is liable to cause interpretation and misjudgment. In order to solve the above key technologies of GPR advanced prediction, this paper analyzes 236 groups of measured GPR profiles on the palm of Qingdao Metro Line 3, and summarizes the abnormal characteristics of the reflected signals and interference signals of typical geological bodies. The characteristics of signal recognition are determined by comparison of theoretical calculation profiles. In addition, the noise signals and denoising methods of GPR are analyzed and studied, and the interference patterns and evading methods of noise are preliminarily determined. The main results are as follows: (1) the characteristics of GPR signal of different weathering and water-rich rock mass are determined, and the influence of construction environment on the detection is analyzed. (2) the GPR standard forward section of typical geological bodies is established, and the characteristics of reflected signals caused by each geological body are analyzed. (3) the interference form and influence range of steel arch and construction machinery noise in the detection process are determined. (4) the conventional high-pass, low-pass and band-pass filter have no obvious effect on the suppression of noise signal. The influence range of interference source is avoided to a large extent.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U456.3;U231;P631.3

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