本文選題：鋼橋塔 + 開孔板�。� 參考：《上海交通大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：鋼橋塔在橋梁工程中應用越來越廣泛，但由于構造、施工、檢修、維護等需要，不可避免對其中某些受力板件進行開孔。鋼板開孔將對其力學性能產(chǎn)生不可忽略的影響，必要時需要采取措施對板件進行補強。但是，已有研究對于鋼橋塔開孔板件力學性能及其補強設計方法的可借鑒成果卻非常少。 本文針對鋼橋塔中典型的長圓形通行孔和連續(xù)橢圓形過索孔，在以試驗結果為驗證的基礎上，采取解析推導和有限元分析相結合，對兩類典型開孔板件的應力集中系數(shù)和受壓極限荷載進行研究，并進一步圍繞孔洞補強方法進行對比分析。主要研究工作和結論如下： （1）查閱國內(nèi)外相關文獻，介紹鋼橋塔的技術發(fā)展和典型開孔問題�？偨Y國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀，并提出亟待解決的問題。 （2）簡述兩類典型開孔板件的受壓試驗，并對有限元分析方法進行介紹。通過對比試驗數(shù)據(jù)和有限元結果，驗證有限元模型的準確性。 （3）采用彈性力學方法和數(shù)值計算方法對開長圓孔和開任意多個橢圓孔無限大平面的孔邊應力集中系數(shù)進行了解析推導，算例分析結果與有限元解吻合良好；進一步基于有限元數(shù)值分析對有限大板幾何參數(shù)的影響進行研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)當板件長寬比大于某一臨界值時，孔邊應力基本不受其影響，但SCF值隨開孔率的增大而始終呈現(xiàn)非線性增長趨勢。通過在無限大平面計算結果的基礎上引入板寬修正系數(shù)，擬合得到了兩類有限大開孔板的SCF計算公式，可用于實際工程中的應力集中評估。 （4）介紹開方孔板件極限荷載的解析求法，并結合算例分析其適用性。將長圓孔和橢圓孔等效成矩形孔，對兩類開孔板件的彈塑性受壓極限強度進行了解析推導，并討論了該方法對鋼橋塔開孔板的適用性。通過與有限元結果比較，確定了開長圓孔板和開橢圓孔板的合理塑性鉸線位置，并針對長寬比較大的板件提出了等效長寬比及其取值公式。 （5）基于有限元分析，開展補強肋幾何參數(shù)對補強后開孔板受壓極限強度的影響分析，并引入極限強度提高系數(shù)來表征和量化補強效果。在補強肋高厚比固定的情況下，隨著補強肋厚度不斷增大，極限強度提高系數(shù)與補強肋厚度基本呈線性關系，但當補強肋厚度增大至某一值之后，極限強度提高系數(shù)則不再隨補強肋厚度增大而提高。最終通過數(shù)值擬合，，提出了補強開孔板極限強度提高系數(shù)的計算公式，可用于實際工程中的開孔板補強設計。 （6）對本論文的研究成果和所得結論進行總結，并對進一步研究內(nèi)容提出展望。
[Abstract]:Steel bridge towers are more and more widely used in bridge engineering, but due to the need of structure, construction, overhaul and maintenance, it is inevitable to open some of them. The open hole of steel plate will have an important effect on the mechanical properties of steel plate. If necessary, measures should be taken to strengthen the plate. However, few studies have been done on the mechanical properties and reinforcement design of steel bridge tower. In this paper, based on the test results, the typical oblong circular passage holes and continuous elliptical cable passing holes in the steel bridge tower are combined with analytical derivation and finite element analysis. The stress concentration factor and compressive limit load of two kinds of typical perforated plates are studied, and the comparative analysis is carried out around the reinforcement method of holes. The main research and conclusions are as follows: The technical development and typical hole opening of steel bridge tower are introduced by consulting relevant documents at home and abroad. The present situation of domestic and international research is summarized, and the problems to be solved are put forward. The compression test of two kinds of typical perforated plate is briefly described, and the finite element analysis method is introduced. The accuracy of the finite element model is verified by comparing the experimental data with the finite element results. 3) the stress concentration factors of the infinite plane with long circular holes and any number of elliptical holes are analytically deduced by means of elastic mechanics method and numerical method. The results of the numerical examples are in good agreement with the finite element solution. The effect of finite element numerical analysis on the geometric parameters of finite plate is further studied. It is found that when the aspect ratio of plate is greater than a certain critical value, the hole edge stress is almost unaffected by the finite element method. However, with the increase of the open porosity, the SCF value always shows a nonlinear growth trend. By introducing the plate width correction coefficient on the basis of the results of infinite plane calculation, the SCF formulas for two kinds of finite perforated plates are obtained, which can be used to evaluate the stress concentration in practical engineering. In this paper, the analytical method of ultimate load of plate with square hole is introduced, and its applicability is analyzed with an example. The long circular and elliptical holes are equivalent to rectangular holes, and the ultimate strength of elastic-plastic compression of two kinds of perforated plates is derived, and the applicability of this method to the perforated plates of steel bridge tower is discussed. By comparing with the results of finite element method, the reasonable position of plastic hinges for long circular and elliptical perforated plates is determined, and the equivalent aspect ratio and its value formula are put forward for the plates with large length and width. 5) based on the finite element analysis, the influence of geometric parameters of reinforced ribs on the compressive ultimate strength of perforated plates after reinforcement is analyzed, and the enhancement coefficient of ultimate strength is introduced to characterize and quantify the reinforcement effect. When the ratio of reinforcement rib height to thickness is fixed, with the increasing of reinforcement rib thickness, the coefficient of ultimate strength improvement is basically linear with the reinforcement rib thickness, but when the reinforcement rib thickness increases to a certain value, The increasing coefficient of ultimate strength no longer increases with the thickness of reinforcing rib. Finally, through numerical fitting, a formula for calculating the increasing coefficient of the ultimate strength of reinforced perforated plate is proposed, which can be used in the reinforcement design of the perforated plate in practical engineering. 6) summarize the research results and conclusions of this paper, and put forward the prospect of further research.
【學位授予單位】：上海交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U441;U443.38

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本文編號：1967497