本文選題：透水性瀝青路面 + 路面徑流��； 參考：《南京林業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：將透水性瀝青路面用于控制路面徑流重金屬污染是透水性瀝青路面技術(shù)的重要發(fā)展方向之一。而我國在透水性瀝青路面對路面徑流中重金屬的控制效果及其機理研究尚少,缺乏必要的數(shù)據(jù)支撐。因此,本文主要從雨水入滲路徑及路面材料和結(jié)構(gòu)的角度出發(fā),基于透水性瀝青路面對路面徑流重金屬污染的控制效果及行為規(guī)律,深入研究透水性瀝青路面對路面徑流中重金屬的控制機理。 論文首先分析了透水性瀝青路面的透水過程,建立了透水性瀝青路面的滲透-蓄水計算模型,得到基于有效控制路面地表徑流的透水性瀝青混合料目標(biāo)空隙率的計算表達式和路面結(jié)構(gòu)透水效能的評價方法。其次,根據(jù)得到的目標(biāo)空隙率,進行了透水性瀝青混合料配合比設(shè)計研究,并進行其性能驗證；從有效控制地表徑流的角度研究了透水性瀝青路面斷面型式,同時分析了典型結(jié)構(gòu)型式在不同降雨歷時、不同設(shè)計重現(xiàn)期下的透水效能。第三,通過室內(nèi)人工模擬降雨試驗,研究了透水性瀝青路面典型結(jié)構(gòu)型式對路面徑流中Pb、Zn的控制效果,并基于蓄水層集料性質(zhì)深入探討了其控制機理。最后,通過靜態(tài)模擬浸泡法研究了孔隙壁瀝青對路面徑流中溶解態(tài)Pb、Zn的吸附性能；對吸附試驗前后瀝青薄膜樣品表面進行X射線光電子能譜分析；對試驗數(shù)據(jù)進行吸附熱力學(xué)和吸附動力學(xué)的研究,并基于瀝青的化學(xué)特性,深入探討了孔隙壁瀝青對路面徑流中Pb2+、Zn2+的吸附機理。 通過上述研究,本文主要得到以下研究結(jié)論： (1)通過分析降雨條件下透水性瀝青路面的滲透和產(chǎn)流機制,基于水量平衡原理建立了透水性瀝青路面的滲透-蓄水計算模型,得到基于有效控制地表徑流的透水性瀝青混合料目標(biāo)空隙率的計算表達式,以及透水性瀝青路面透水效能的評價方法。 (2)透水性瀝青路面對路面初期沖刷徑流中Pb、Zn具有顯著的控制效果；但其在蓄水階段對Pb、Zn的控制作用具有顯著的差異性：對Pb始終保持較高的去除率,對Zn的去除率表現(xiàn)為先負(fù)后正。 (3)透水性瀝青路面對初期沖刷徑流中Pb、Zn的控制作用主要依靠路面內(nèi)部微觀空隙結(jié)構(gòu)的物理截留以及顆粒物的吸附作用；蓄水階段對路面徑流中Pb、Zn的控制作用與蓄水層集料性質(zhì)及蓄水時間有關(guān)。石灰?guī)r集料對Pb2+、Zn2+的控制機理為：以“重金屬碳酸鹽沉淀絡(luò)合物”或以Pb(OH)2和Zn(OH)2沉淀的形式吸附在集料表面；玄武巖集料對Pb2+、Zn2+的控制機理為：分別以Pb(OH)2和Zn(OH)2沉淀的形式吸附在集料表面。 (4)吸附前后瀝青薄膜表面的X射線光電子能譜分析證明瀝青薄膜樣品表面新增的Pb、Zn來源于其自溶液中對Pb2+、Zn2+的吸附。 (5)瀝青中不同組分對瀝青薄膜自溶液中吸附Pb2+、Zn2+有著重要影響：一是瀝青中一些極性組分的水解和電離,增加了溶液中氫離子和羧酸根離子；二是羧酸根離子與溶液中Pb2+、Zn2+反應(yīng)生成固態(tài)高價有機鹽沉淀,增加瀝青薄膜對Pb2+、Zn2+的吸附量；三是亞砜類O‖(R-S-R*)通過配位鍵的方式與重金屬離子生成配位絡(luò)合物或溶劑化物,增加瀝青薄膜對Pb2+、Zn2+的吸附量,但同時亞砜類也會與水發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng),阻礙瀝青薄膜對Pb2+、Zn2+的吸附；四是溶液中的氫離子與固態(tài)高價有機鹽反應(yīng),置換出其中的重金屬離子,生成新的瀝青酸,從而降低瀝青薄膜對Pb2+、Zn2+的吸附量。 (6)對于Pb2+、Zn2+,在給定吸附劑投加量、保持較高初始濃度的條件下,快速吸附階段可用拋物線擴散方程描述；重金屬離子初始濃度較低時，可用雙常數(shù)速率方程和Elovich方程描述。且在具體條件下，整個吸附過程符合準(zhǔn)二級動力學(xué)方程規(guī)律。 （7）吸附等溫線研究結(jié)果表明，在給定吸附劑投加量、改變重金屬離子初始濃度時，，瀝青薄膜對Pb2+、Zn2+的吸附用Freundlich吸附等溫模型描述較為合適。
[Abstract]:The use of permeable asphalt pavement to control heavy metal pollution of pavement runoff is one of the important development directions of permeable asphalt pavement technology. However, there are few studies on the control effect and mechanism of heavy metals in water permeable asphalt pavement in China, and lack of necessary data support. This paper mainly from the rain infiltration path and road surface. On the basis of material and structure angle, based on the control effect and behavior law of heavy metal pollution of pavement runoff, the control mechanism of heavy metal in surface runoff of permeable asphalt road is studied in depth.
The paper first analyzes the permeable process of the permeable asphalt pavement, and establishes the seepage and storage calculation model of the permeable asphalt pavement, and obtains the calculation expression of the target void ratio of the permeable asphalt mixture based on the effective control of the surface runoff of the pavement and the evaluation method of the permeability efficiency of the pavement structure. Secondly, according to the target void ratio obtained. The mixture ratio design of permeable asphalt mixture is carried out and its performance is verified. From the angle of effective control of surface runoff, the broken face type of permeable asphalt pavement is studied. At the same time, the water penetration efficiency of typical structural types in different rainfall periods and different design reappearance periods is analyzed. Third, artificial simulation of rainfall through indoor simulation is carried out. The control effect of the typical structural type of permeable asphalt pavement on Pb and Zn in surface runoff was studied. Based on the properties of the reservoir aggregate, the control mechanism was deeply discussed. Finally, the adsorption performance of the dissolved Pb and Zn in the surface runoff by the pore wall asphalt was studied by the static simulation soaking method; and the asphalt film samples before and after the adsorption test were studied. The surface is analyzed by X ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the adsorption thermodynamics and adsorption kinetics of the experimental data are studied. Based on the chemical properties of asphalt, the adsorption mechanism of Pb2+ and Zn2+ in pavement runoff by pore wall bitumen is discussed in depth.
Through the above research, the following conclusions can be drawn:
(1) through the analysis of the permeability and flow mechanism of the permeable asphalt pavement under the rainfall condition, based on the principle of water balance, the seepage and storage calculation model of the permeable asphalt pavement is established, and the calculation expression of the porosity of the asphalt mixture based on the effective control of the surface runoff and the permeability of the permeable asphalt pavement are obtained. Evaluation method.
(2) the water permeable asphalt road has significant control effect on the Pb in the initial scour runoff in the pavement, but its control effect on the Pb and Zn in the water storage stage has significant difference. The high removal rate of Pb is maintained and the removal rate of Zn is first negative and positive.
(3) the control effect of Zn is mainly dependent on the physical intercepting of the micro gap structure inside the pavement and the adsorption of particles, and the control effect of Pb and Zn in the water storage stage is related to the properties of the aggregate and the storage time. The control mechanism of the limestone aggregate for Pb2+ and Zn2+ is the mechanism of the control of Pb2+ and Zn2+. It is adsorbed on the aggregate surface in the form of "heavy metal carbonate precipitation complex" or Pb (OH) 2 and Zn (OH) 2 precipitation; the control mechanism of basalt aggregates for Pb2+ and Zn2+ is to adsorb on the aggregate surface in the form of Pb (OH) 2 and Zn (OH) 2) respectively.
(4) the X ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the surface of the bitumen film before and after adsorption proves that the Pb of the surface of the film is added, and Zn is derived from the adsorption of Pb2+ and Zn2+ from the solution from the solution.
(5) the different components of bitumen have an important effect on the adsorption of Pb2+ in the solution of asphalt film from the solution, Zn2+ has an important effect: one is the hydrolysis and ionization of some polar components in the bitumen, the hydrogen ions and carboxate ions in the solution are increased, and the two is the reaction of carboxyacid root ions and Pb2+ in the solution to produce a solid high price organic salt precipitation, and the asphalt film is increased to Pb2+, Zn2+ The amount of adsorption is three. The three is that the sulfoxide class (R-S-R*) generates coordination complex or solvation with heavy metal ions through the coordination bond, increasing the adsorption amount of the asphalt film to Pb2+ and Zn2+, but at the same time, the sulfoxide will also react with water to prevent the adsorption of Pb2+ and Zn2+ from the bitumen film, and the four is the high price of hydrogen ion and solid in the solution. The organic salts react to replace the heavy metal ions to form new asphaltic acids, thereby reducing the adsorption capacity of asphalt film to Pb2+ and Zn2+.
(6) for Pb2+, Zn2+, the fast adsorption stage can be described by parabolic diffusion equation under the condition of a given dosage of a given adsorbent and high initial concentration. When the initial concentration of heavy metal ions is low, the two constant rate equation and the Elovich equation can be described. And the whole adsorption process is in accordance with the quasi two order kinetic equation under the specific strip. Law.
(7) the adsorption isotherm results show that the Freundlich adsorption isotherm model is more suitable for Pb2+ and Zn2+ adsorption when the amount of adsorbents is added and the initial concentration of heavy metal ions is changed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U416.217

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