本文選題：巖溶隧道 + 風險評估��； 參考：《重慶交通大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：西部地區(qū)尤其是西南地區(qū)的公路隧道建設過程中，不可避免要遇到巖溶地質條件。在當今對安全施工和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護高要求的條件下，在巖溶地區(qū)修建隧道存在很多技術性難題。巖溶隧道修建風險評估與預警、防治對策以及溶洞和隧道間巖層的最小安全厚度關鍵參數(shù)成為不可忽視的問題，需要開展深入研究。 本論文依托萬利高速公路長安寨隧道，采用資料調研、理論分析、數(shù)值分析等研究方法，主要研究內容包括：運用層次分析法和模糊綜合評判理論對巖溶隧道水害風險進行評估，，得出巖溶隧道水害風險等級，根據(jù)風險評估等級確定出其對應的預警級別，并制定出不同預警級別的預控對策；運用ANSYS軟件建立溶洞—隧道模型，研究不同位置溶洞和隧道之間巖層的最小安全厚度，并針對不同溶洞跨度、不同溶洞高跨比對溶洞和隧道之間巖層最小安全厚度進行數(shù)值分析，總結出它們之間的影響規(guī)律。 通過以上的分析研究，主要得出以下結論： ①巖溶隧道水害主要受到巖溶發(fā)育程度與蓄水構造的控制，其突水風險可分為四個等級，其中，Ⅰ級風險最高，Ⅳ級風險最低。 ②對應水害風險評估等級，巖溶隧道突水突泥預警級別可分為四個等級，分別用紅色（Ⅰ級，最嚴重）、橙色（Ⅱ級，嚴重）、黃色（Ⅲ級，較重）、藍色（Ⅳ級，一般）四種顏色表示。 ③對于巖溶隧道的防治，首先要重視超前地質預報，切實落實監(jiān)控量測工作，備足抽水等應急設備，要制定逃生應急預案，遇到可溶巖與非可溶巖接觸帶時，要采用管棚、小導管、預注漿等手段對圍巖進行預支護。 ④對于溶洞跨度，無論溶洞位于隧道哪一側，隧道和溶洞間巖層最小安全厚度均隨溶洞跨度增大而增大。 ⑤對于溶洞高跨比，無論溶洞位于隧道的哪一側，當溶洞向著水平或垂直方向發(fā)展時，溶洞和隧道之間巖層所需要的最小安全厚度逐漸增加；當溶洞高跨比趨近于1.0時，即溶洞形狀接近圓形時，溶洞和隧道間巖層所需最小安全厚度逐漸減�。划斎芏锤呖绫鹊扔�1.0時，即溶洞形狀為圓形時，溶洞和隧道之間巖層最小安全厚度最小。 ⑥隧道側面溶洞對溶洞和隧道之間巖層最小安全厚度影響最大，其次是底部溶洞。
[Abstract]:In the process of highway tunnel construction in western region, especially in southwest area, karst geological conditions are inevitable. Under the condition of high requirement of safety construction and ecological environment protection, there are many technical problems in constructing tunnel in karst area. Risk assessment and early warning of karst tunnel construction prevention countermeasures and key parameters of minimum safety thickness of karst tunnel and tunnel are problems that can not be ignored and need to be deeply studied. Based on the Changan Zhai Tunnel of Wanli Expressway, this paper adopts research methods such as data investigation, theoretical analysis, numerical analysis, etc. The main research contents include: using AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory to evaluate the risk of karst tunnel water hazard, get the risk grade of karst tunnel water hazard, and determine the corresponding early warning level according to the risk assessment level. The pre-control countermeasures of different early-warning levels are worked out, and the cave-tunnel model is established by using ANSYS software to study the minimum safe thickness of rock layers between caverns and tunnels at different locations, and aiming at different caverns span, The minimum safe thickness of rock layers between caverns and tunnels is numerically analyzed with different ratio of height to span of caverns, and the influence law between them is summarized. Through the above analysis and research, the main conclusions are as follows: (1) the water hazard of karst tunnel is mainly controlled by karst development degree and water storage structure. The risk of water inrush can be divided into four grades, among which the first grade is the highest and the 鈪

本文編號：1935699