本文選題：內(nèi)河航道 + 船只流量監(jiān)測��； 參考：《上海交通大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：水聲檢測技術已發(fā)展多年,主要集中在海洋和軍事領域,而在內(nèi)河航道方面研究較少。內(nèi)河航道受自身地理環(huán)境的影響,聲場環(huán)境和海洋大不相同。尤其隨著內(nèi)河航道日益繁忙,對航道的全天候監(jiān)測和內(nèi)河船只流量的統(tǒng)計變得越來越重要。 本文針對內(nèi)河航運流量較大,特別是多艘船只同時通過時的船只計數(shù)難題,基于光纖水聲傳感器,提出了一種水聲信號聲壓級閾值與強線譜時頻特征相結合進行內(nèi)河航道航運流量監(jiān)測的方法。。時長45分鐘的現(xiàn)場聲壓數(shù)據(jù)的處理結果驗證了該方法的有效性。 首先,介紹了船只輻射噪聲方面的基本理論,重點介紹船只噪聲的聲源級特性及一些相關的時頻分析理論。 在此基礎上,提出了一種聲壓級閾值與強線譜時頻特征相結合進行內(nèi)河航道航運流量監(jiān)測的方法。該方法具有監(jiān)測范圍廣、抗干擾能力強、可實時處理以及識別準確率高等特點。 然后,設計了實現(xiàn)此流量統(tǒng)計算法所用到的監(jiān)測系統(tǒng),包括實驗現(xiàn)場系統(tǒng)部分與PC端監(jiān)測軟件部分。通過對長時間河道實際流量數(shù)據(jù)的監(jiān)測分析,驗證了河道監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)可準確、有效地監(jiān)測實際河道中的船只流量。 最后,以時長45分鐘的現(xiàn)場聲壓數(shù)據(jù)的處理結果驗證了該方法的有效性并展示了系統(tǒng)運行過程中軟件界面的顯示情況。
[Abstract]:Underwater acoustic detection technology has been developed for many years, mainly in the field of ocean and military, but less in inland waterway. The inland waterway is influenced by its own geographical environment, and the sound field environment and the ocean are very different. Especially as the inland waterway becomes more and more busy, it is more and more important to monitor the waterway all-weather and the statistics of inland vessel flow. In order to solve the problem of vessel counting when many ships pass simultaneously, based on fiber-optic acoustic sensors, this paper aims at the problem of large volume of inland navigation, especially the difficulty of counting ships when passing at the same time. This paper presents a method for monitoring the flow of inland waterways by combining the acoustic pressure threshold of underwater acoustic signals with the time-frequency characteristics of strong line spectrum. The processing results of field sound pressure data for 45 minutes verify the effectiveness of the method. Firstly, the basic theory of ship radiated noise is introduced, with emphasis on the sound source level characteristics of ship noise and some related time-frequency analysis theories. On the basis of this, a method of monitoring inland waterway shipping flow by combining the threshold of sound pressure level with the time-frequency characteristic of strong line spectrum is proposed. The method has the advantages of wide monitoring range, strong anti-interference ability, real-time processing and high recognition accuracy. Then, the monitoring system used to realize this algorithm is designed, including the system part of the experiment site and the software part of the PC terminal monitoring. Through monitoring and analyzing the actual discharge data of a long time channel, it is proved that the river channel monitoring system can accurately and effectively monitor the ship discharge in the actual river course. Finally, the validity of the method is verified by the processing results of the field sound pressure data for 45 minutes and the display of the software interface during the running process of the system is demonstrated.
【學位授予單位】：上海交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U692

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