本文選題：追尾事故 + 避撞行為　； 參考：《同濟(jì)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版)》2016年06期

【摘要】：利用同濟(jì)大學(xué)8自由度高仿真駕駛模擬器研究了臨撞工況緊急程度對駕駛員避撞行為的影響.通過不同初始車頭時(shí)距(1.0 s,[1.0 s,1.5 s),[1.5 s,2.5 s])和不同前車減速度(0.30g,0.50g,0.75g)的組合,建立了不同緊急程度的前車減速臨撞工況,運(yùn)用駕駛員感知反應(yīng)時(shí)間、油門釋放反應(yīng)時(shí)間、制動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)移時(shí)間、制動(dòng)延誤、最大剎車踏板壓力、最大減速度等指標(biāo)比較了不同緊急程度下避撞行為的差異.結(jié)果表明,①隨著工況緊急程度的增加,駕駛員更快地釋放油門及達(dá)到最大剎車踏板壓力,并且施加更大的制動(dòng)力度;②當(dāng)初始車頭時(shí)距為1.5 s左右時(shí),駕駛員感知反應(yīng)時(shí)間約為1.2s,而當(dāng)初始車頭時(shí)距增大到2.5 s以上時(shí),感知反應(yīng)時(shí)間變得非常大,甚至達(dá)到了3 s;③駕駛員開始釋放油門與開始制動(dòng)間的轉(zhuǎn)移時(shí)間不受工況緊急程度影響,保持在0.8 s附近;④在低緊急程度下,駕駛員表現(xiàn)出多階段剎車行為,使得駕駛員需要更多的時(shí)間才能達(dá)到最大剎車踏板壓力.
[Abstract]:By using the 8 degree of freedom and high simulation driving simulator of Tongji University, the impact of the crash condition on the driver's collision avoidance behavior is studied. Through the combination of different initial headways (1 s, [1.0 s, 1.5 s), [1.5 s, 2.5 s]) and the different front vehicle deceleration (0.30g, 0.50g, 0.75g), the impact conditions of the front vehicle deceleration with different emergency degrees are established, and the application of different emergency conditions is established. The drivers' response time, the throttle release reaction time, the braking transfer time, the brake delay, the maximum brake pedal pressure and the maximum deceleration degree compare the difference of collision avoidance behavior under different emergency levels. The results show that the driver releases the throttle faster and reaches the maximum brake pedal pressure along with the increase of the emergency degree. When the initial head distance is about 1.5 s, the driver perceiving the reaction time is about 1.2s, and when the initial head time distance increases to more than 2.5 s, the reaction time becomes very large and even reaches 3 s, and the time of the driver to start releasing the throttle and starting brake is not under the condition of emergency. The degree of influence is kept near 0.8 s; (4) at low emergency levels, the driver shows a multistage brake behavior that requires more time for the driver to reach the maximum brake pedal pressure.
【作者單位】： 同濟(jì)大學(xué)道路與交通工程教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金優(yōu)秀青年基金(51522810) “十二五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃(014BAG01B03)
【分類號】：U491.25
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本文編號：1900299