發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-12 12:28

  本文選題：城市公共交通 + 可達(dá)性��； 參考：《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：居民生活水平日益提高，對于出行的要求也隨之增長，居民出行時(shí)，都希望尋求一個(gè)效率高且可達(dá)性高的出行方案。同時(shí)，可達(dá)性在評價(jià)城市公共交通發(fā)展?fàn)顩r中也有舉足輕重的作用。因此，對于城市公共交通可達(dá)性優(yōu)化模型及評價(jià)研究具有很重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文主要從以下幾個(gè)方面對可達(dá)性進(jìn)行研究探討。 參考以往的學(xué)者對于可達(dá)性的研究，并在其基礎(chǔ)上，對城市公共交通可達(dá)性進(jìn)行了定義，將廣義費(fèi)用的思想運(yùn)用到本文的研究中，將城市公共交通可達(dá)性定義為乘客出行過程中，從起始地出發(fā)，使用公交車作為出行工具，到達(dá)目的地的過程中，，所使用的一切廣義費(fèi)用和稱之為可達(dá)性，廣義費(fèi)用的和越大，則可達(dá)性越差；反之，可達(dá)性則越好。 在各種影響可達(dá)性的因素中，選取出適用于本文研究的定量影響因素，分別為出行成本、出行時(shí)間以及換乘次數(shù)，對這三個(gè)因素分別進(jìn)行分析，通過將三個(gè)因素的計(jì)算結(jié)果轉(zhuǎn)換成廣義費(fèi)用的方法建立出相應(yīng)的因素影響模型。 在各因素模型的基礎(chǔ)上建立本文的可達(dá)性優(yōu)化模型，依據(jù)廣義費(fèi)用的思想，將出行中所需的一切廣義費(fèi)用和作為可達(dá)性來對公共交通進(jìn)行測評。從各出行方案中選出乘客出行時(shí)的最優(yōu)出行決策方案。建立可達(dá)性評價(jià)集，定義出可達(dá)、基本可達(dá)以及不可達(dá)三個(gè)等級來對可達(dá)性結(jié)果進(jìn)行分等級評價(jià)。 建立本文的分階段模糊綜合評價(jià)模型。提出了一個(gè)高峰期可靠因子的概念，從高峰期階段和平峰期階段分別對可達(dá)性進(jìn)行評價(jià)研究，得出了兩個(gè)階段的可達(dá)性評價(jià)結(jié)果，更加的真實(shí)且符合實(shí)際。 設(shè)計(jì)可達(dá)性優(yōu)化模型的實(shí)現(xiàn)算法，并且使用計(jì)算機(jī)程序?qū)λ惴ㄟM(jìn)行實(shí)現(xiàn)。設(shè)計(jì)城市公共交通乘客滿意度調(diào)查表，收集并整理調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)，求出本文中所需的城市公共交通可達(dá)性各影響因素的權(quán)重值以及分階段模糊綜合評價(jià)中所需的各影響因素的權(quán)重值。 選取R市的城市公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為本文實(shí)例分析的背景。可達(dá)性優(yōu)化模型的測算結(jié)果顯示，R市的城市公交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的可達(dá)性等級為可達(dá)；分階段模糊綜合評價(jià)模型的評價(jià)結(jié)果顯示，R市的可達(dá)性滿意程度在平峰期階段為比較滿意，而在高峰期階段為一般滿意，以后還需要改善高峰期的可達(dá)性，能夠?yàn)槌丝吞峁└玫姆⻊?wù)。
[Abstract]:The increasing living standards, the requirements for travel also will increase the residents travel, want to seek a high efficiency and high accessibility travel program. At the same time, accessibility also plays an important role in the development of city public transport evaluation. Therefore, the city public transportation optimization model and evaluation research it has very important practical significance. This article mainly carries on the research from the following aspects of accessibility.
According to the former research on accessibility, and on the basis of city public transport accessibility is defined, the generalized cost is used in this study, the city public transport accessibility is defined as passenger travel process, from the start of the use of the bus as a travel tool to arrive in the process, the use of all costs and generalized called reachability, generalized cost and greater accessibility is worse; on the other hand, accessibility is better.
Among the various factors that affect the accessibility, select suitable for the quantitative influence factors were studied in this paper, travel cost, travel time and transfer times, these three factors were analyzed to establish a model of influence factors through the corresponding calculation method will be the result of three factors into the generalized cost.
Set up to optimize this model based on the factor model on the basis of generalized cost theory, all the generalized cost required to travel in and as to public transportation accessibility evaluation. To select the optimal travel decision. Passengers from the travel plan in case. Establish the accessibility evaluation set, the definition of a basic and not up to reach up to three levels of accessibility results of the grading evaluation.
A staged fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is established. A concept of reliability factor in peak period is put forward. The reachability is evaluated from peak period and peak stage respectively, and the reachability evaluation results of two stages are obtained, which is more realistic and practical.
Accessibility design optimization model algorithm, and use the computer program to implement the proposed algorithms. The design of city public transport passenger satisfaction survey, collect and collate the survey data, calculate the required in the city public transport accessibility factors weights and weight of each effect stage fuzzy comprehensive evaluation factor required the value.
Analysis of city bus network in the city of R, this paper selected as examples. The background estimates up to optimize the results of the model show that the R of the city public transportation network accessibility is up; comprehensive evaluation model of fuzzy phase showed that the accessibility satisfaction in the city of R in the flat peak period is satisfied, and in the peak stage is generally satisfactory, accessibility is needed in the future to improve the peak, can provide better service for passengers.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.17

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本文編號：1739762