本文選題：邊坡工程　切入點：安全監(jiān)測　出處：《成都理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展和西部大開發(fā)的推進，包括公路在內(nèi)的多種基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)已進入快速發(fā)展的階段。伴隨公路工程規(guī)模加大、對線路要求增高，經(jīng)常需要人為對各種高邊坡進行開挖，形成了很多環(huán)境復(fù)雜、地質(zhì)條件復(fù)雜和規(guī)模大的開挖工程邊坡。當(dāng)邊坡開挖時，坡體內(nèi)的地應(yīng)力狀態(tài)將發(fā)生很大的改變，進行重新分布，，并改變原有的平衡狀態(tài)，坡體隨開挖的進行將以變形的方式調(diào)整其應(yīng)力分布以尋求新的平衡狀態(tài)。工程實踐表明，邊坡的變形和穩(wěn)定問題與邊坡的開挖時間、邊坡所在區(qū)域的氣候現(xiàn)象、極端自然現(xiàn)象等因素在時間上密切相關(guān)。施工引起的應(yīng)力應(yīng)變、應(yīng)力重新分布及變形將是一個漸變且長期的過程。因此對邊坡穩(wěn)定性情況進行系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測，分析其變形特征和掌握其變形變化過程是十分必要的。 對邊坡進行施工期和運營期的長期跟蹤監(jiān)測，及時獲取監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)，通過監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)能指導(dǎo)現(xiàn)場施工、發(fā)現(xiàn)邊坡變形跡象、也能對邊坡支護措施進行一定量的檢驗，盡早的發(fā)現(xiàn)設(shè)計和施工過程中的一些不足的地方，進而可以對施工方式進行改進或?qū)χёo方案進行調(diào)整或加固，將可能出現(xiàn)的災(zāi)害防患于未然，這樣可以有效的減少甚至避免事故的發(fā)生。同時，監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)能為邊坡的變形情況分析和邊坡的穩(wěn)定性綜合分析提供數(shù)據(jù)支撐。因此對邊坡進行施工期及運營期安全監(jiān)測具有可觀的經(jīng)濟效益和重要的社會效益。 本文通過對已有的邊坡監(jiān)測項目資料進行綜合分析的基礎(chǔ)上，主要進行了以下4個方面的工作： （1）概述了邊坡安全監(jiān)測在邊坡施工期和運行期的必要性、重要性和作用； （2）總結(jié)不同監(jiān)測技術(shù)手段采用的方法及儀器，綜合分析各自的特點和適用范圍，提出科學(xué)適合的監(jiān)測方法，使監(jiān)測工作既符合實際工作情況，又能盡量經(jīng)濟安全和實用穩(wěn)定。 （3）基于多種監(jiān)測方式的監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)，建立通用的數(shù)據(jù)庫，利用C#編程語言和微軟的SQL Server2008數(shù)據(jù)庫技術(shù)對監(jiān)測信息管理系統(tǒng)進行設(shè)計和實現(xiàn)，建立邊坡監(jiān)測信息管理系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)主要實現(xiàn)監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)的入庫管理、監(jiān)測儀器的資料管理、監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)管理、監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)過程線的繪制、監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)可視化查詢、數(shù)據(jù)的導(dǎo)入和導(dǎo)出及監(jiān)測預(yù)警等，系統(tǒng)能及時從監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)中分析出邊坡相關(guān)物理量的變化情況，滿足了及時反饋監(jiān)測結(jié)果給參建各方的要求，符合動態(tài)設(shè)計、信息化施工的現(xiàn)代設(shè)計思想的要求。 （4）將邊坡監(jiān)測中選擇儀器的基本原則、多種監(jiān)測儀器的特點及適用范圍、邊坡信息化監(jiān)測方案設(shè)計原則和建立的邊坡監(jiān)測信息管理系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用到實際邊坡監(jiān)測工程中，檢驗研究理論成果和研究系統(tǒng)的實際應(yīng)用情況。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy and the development of the western region, the construction of various infrastructure facilities, including highways, has entered a stage of rapid development. It is often necessary to excavate various kinds of high slopes, forming a lot of excavated engineering slopes with complex environment, complicated geological conditions and large scale. When the slope is excavated, the in-situ stress state of the slope will be greatly changed and redistributed. The stress distribution of slope will be adjusted by deformation in order to find a new equilibrium state. Engineering practice shows that the slope deformation and stability problems and excavation time, The climatic phenomena, extreme natural phenomena and other factors in the area where the slope is located are closely related in time. The stress redistribution and deformation will be a gradual and long-term process, so it is necessary to systematically monitor the slope stability, analyze the deformation characteristics and master the deformation change process. The long-term tracking and monitoring of the slope during the construction period and the operation period, the monitoring data can be obtained in time. Through the monitoring data, the site construction can be guided, the slope deformation can be found, and the slope support measures can also be tested in a certain amount. Find some deficiencies in the design and construction process as soon as possible, and then improve the construction methods or adjust or reinforce the support scheme, and prevent the possible disasters. This can effectively reduce or even avoid accidents. At the same time, The monitoring data can provide data support for slope deformation analysis and slope stability comprehensive analysis, so the safety monitoring of slope during construction and operation period has considerable economic benefits and important social benefits. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the existing slope monitoring project data, this paper mainly carried out the following four aspects of work:. 1) the necessity, importance and function of slope safety monitoring during the construction and operation of the slope are summarized. 2) summing up the methods and instruments used in different monitoring techniques, synthetically analyzing their respective characteristics and applicable scope, and putting forward scientific and suitable monitoring methods, so that the monitoring work can not only accord with the actual working conditions, but also be economical, safe, practical and stable as far as possible. Based on the monitoring data of various monitoring methods, the general database is established, and the monitoring information management system is designed and implemented by using C # programming language and SQL Server2008 database technology of Microsoft, and the slope monitoring information management system is established. The system mainly realizes the management of the database of the monitoring data, the data management of the monitoring instrument, the management of the monitoring data, the drawing of the monitoring data process line, the visual query of the monitoring data, the import and export of the data and the monitoring and warning, etc. The system can analyze the change of the slope related physical quantity from the monitoring data in time, and meet the requirements of timely feedback monitoring results to the parties involved in the construction, and meet the requirements of the modern design idea of dynamic design and information construction. 4) the basic principles of selecting instruments in slope monitoring, the characteristics and applicable scope of various monitoring instruments, the design principles of slope information monitoring schemes and the established slope monitoring information management system are applied to the actual slope monitoring projects. To test the theoretical results and the practical application of the research system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U418.5;TP274

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