本文選題：戈壁荒漠區(qū)及山嶺區(qū)　切入點(diǎn)：平均縱坡　出處：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)幅員遼闊，地勢(shì)總體為西高東低，呈三級(jí)階梯分布。東部地區(qū)地形平坦，主要以平原區(qū)和丘陵區(qū)為主；西部地區(qū)地形復(fù)雜多樣，受風(fēng)力、雨水、氣溫等氣候條件及人工影響，形成多種地貌形態(tài)，有起伏的山嶺區(qū)、低緩的盆地區(qū)、農(nóng)業(yè)綠洲區(qū)、廣闊的草原區(qū)、貧瘠的戈壁荒漠區(qū)和嚴(yán)寒的高原牧區(qū)等。不同的地貌形態(tài)給西部地區(qū)高速公路建設(shè)帶來(lái)不同的環(huán)境條件，公路的縱坡設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)隨環(huán)境條件的變化應(yīng)采用不同的指標(biāo)值。現(xiàn)行公路設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范給出了各級(jí)公路在不同設(shè)計(jì)速度下的最大縱坡值、高原縱坡折減值，僅對(duì)二級(jí)及以下等級(jí)公路平均縱坡指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明，并且沒(méi)有與地形地貌結(jié)合，對(duì)高速公路設(shè)計(jì)缺乏指導(dǎo)意義。因此，西部地區(qū)不同地貌形態(tài)下高速公路平均縱坡的研究對(duì)西部地區(qū)高速公路建設(shè)具有較大的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。 本文以新疆（哈密至伊寧）為研究對(duì)象，地貌形態(tài)主要是戈壁荒漠區(qū)及山嶺區(qū)，調(diào)查分析區(qū)域范圍的自然地理、氣候特征、人口經(jīng)濟(jì)及交通特性等環(huán)境因素，并以烏奎高速公路及相關(guān)公路的交通量、交通組成、事故資料為基礎(chǔ)，結(jié)合未來(lái)車型發(fā)展趨勢(shì)，選擇具有代表性的東風(fēng)EQ5208XXY2型廂式載貨車為試驗(yàn)車型。對(duì)車輛進(jìn)行動(dòng)力性能與制動(dòng)性能分析，確定試驗(yàn)車型的相關(guān)技術(shù)參數(shù)�；诒疚难芯康牡匦涡螒B(tài)，主要從長(zhǎng)大上坡路段通行能力及長(zhǎng)大下坡路段交通安全性兩方面進(jìn)行研究，通過(guò)VISSIM軟件對(duì)上坡路段通行能力進(jìn)行交通仿真，對(duì)試驗(yàn)車輛進(jìn)行室外路段試驗(yàn)分析下坡路段交通安全性，，采集大量數(shù)據(jù)資料，采用回歸分析法建立無(wú)輔助制動(dòng)條件下貨車主制動(dòng)器溫度隨坡度、坡長(zhǎng)變化的預(yù)測(cè)模型。結(jié)合車輛在下坡路段交通安全性和上坡路段通行能力，綜合考慮，合理確定無(wú)輔助制動(dòng)條件下西部戈壁荒漠區(qū)及山嶺區(qū)高速公路平均縱坡與坡長(zhǎng)的限制指標(biāo)值，并提出戈壁荒漠區(qū)及山嶺區(qū)高速公路平均縱坡設(shè)計(jì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的選用原則，對(duì)公路安全的處置措施也提出合理化建議。
[Abstract]:Our country has a vast territory, the terrain is generally high in the west and low in the east, with a three-tier ladder distribution. The eastern region is flat, mainly in plain areas and hilly areas; the western region is complex and diverse, subject to wind, Rain Water, Climate conditions such as temperature and artificial influence form various landforms, including undulating mountain areas, low and gentle basin areas, agricultural oasis areas, and vast grasslands, The barren Gobi desert area and the frigid plateau pastoral area, etc. Different landforms bring different environmental conditions to highway construction in the western region, The design parameters of longitudinal slope of highway should adopt different index values with the change of environmental conditions. The current highway design code gives the maximum longitudinal slope value of highway at different design speeds and the value of plateau slope break down. The average longitudinal slope index of the second grade and lower grade highway is only explained, and it is not combined with the topography and geomorphology, which is lack of guiding significance to the highway design. The study on the average longitudinal slope of expressway in different geomorphological forms in western China has great application value to highway construction in western region. In this paper, Xinjiang (Hami to Yining) is taken as the research object. The geomorphology is mainly Gobi desert area and mountain area. The environmental factors, such as natural geography, climatic characteristics, population, economy and traffic characteristics, are investigated and analyzed in this paper. And on the basis of the traffic volume, traffic composition, accident data of Wukui Expressway and related highways, and combined with the development trend of future models, The typical Dongfeng EQ5208XXY2 van is selected as the experimental vehicle. The dynamic and braking performance of the vehicle is analyzed, and the relevant technical parameters of the test vehicle are determined. Based on the terrain shape studied in this paper, In this paper, the traffic capacity of long uphill section and traffic safety of long downhill section are studied, and the traffic simulation of uphill section capacity is carried out by VISSIM software. The traffic safety of downhill section was analyzed by outdoor road test, and a large number of data were collected. The main brake temperature of freight car without auxiliary braking was established by regression analysis method, and the temperature of main brake of freight car with slope was established under the condition of no auxiliary braking. The prediction model of slope length variation. Combined with the traffic safety and the capacity of the uphill section of the vehicle in the downhill section, the comprehensive consideration, The limit index values of the average longitudinal slope and slope length of the expressway in the west Gobi desert region and the mountain area without auxiliary braking are reasonably determined, and the selection principles of the design standard for the average longitudinal slope of the highway in the Gobi desert area and the mountain area are put forward. The disposal measures of highway safety also put forward rationalization suggestion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U412.3

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