本文選題：高速公路　切入點：事故多發(fā)點　出處：《河北工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：高速公路事故多發(fā)點是交通事故相對集中的區(qū)域，嚴重影響著高速公路的安全性，對司乘人員的生命財產(chǎn)安全造成巨大隱患。事故多發(fā)點由多種因素共同作用形成，工程措施對其治理難度大。安全設(shè)施是交通管理者傳遞交通信息的方式，是對交通真實環(huán)境的修正。合理有效的交通安全設(shè)施可以有效降低事故嚴重程度和事故率，工程經(jīng)濟性良好，具有巨大的工程實用價值。 合理確定事故多發(fā)點是交通安全研究的前提，在對京滬高速公路安全特征分析的前提下，對比不同鑒別方法，提出了基于事故間距事故多發(fā)點的確定方法。分析事故成因，發(fā)現(xiàn)超速是導致事故的最主要因素，其直接影響事故率和事故嚴重程度，因而對速度有效約束可以提高事故多發(fā)點特定路段安全性。交通安全設(shè)施對車輛的影響也集中體現(xiàn)的車速上，因此以速度為中介分析速度和事故之間的關(guān)系，建立了速度期望-事故嚴重程度、事故離散性-事故率的模型，為交通安全設(shè)施實施效果提供量化依據(jù)。在研究過程中，以交通安全設(shè)施前后斷面為分析單元，運用K-S檢驗了安全設(shè)施前后車速服從正態(tài)分布，驗證車速變化存在顯著差異性。有效性方面，，首先闡述了典型事故多發(fā)點安通交全設(shè)施對車速的影響，結(jié)合河北其它高速交通安全設(shè)施車速數(shù)據(jù)，宏觀分析了交通安全設(shè)施作用前后速度梯度、超速率、離散程度的變化趨勢，通過降低事故嚴重程度和路段預期事故次數(shù)對主要交通安全設(shè)施進行了有效性評價。
[Abstract]:The accident prone spot is the area where the traffic accident is relatively concentrated, which seriously affects the safety of the expressway and causes a huge hidden danger to the safety of the life and property of the passengers. The accident prone spot is formed by a variety of factors. Engineering measures are very difficult to manage. Safety facilities are the way for traffic managers to transmit traffic information and correct the real traffic environment. Reasonable and effective traffic safety facilities can effectively reduce the severity of accidents and accident rates. The engineering economy is good and has great practical value. It is the premise of traffic safety research to reasonably determine the accident prone spot. On the premise of analyzing the safety characteristics of Beijing-Shanghai expressway, by comparing the different identification methods, this paper puts forward a method to determine the accident frequent spot based on the accident spacing, and analyzes the cause of the accident. It is found that speeding is the most important factor leading to the accident, which directly affects the accident rate and the severity of the accident. Therefore, the effective restriction of speed can improve the safety of specific sections in the accident prone areas. The impact of traffic safety facilities on vehicles is also concentrated on the speed of the vehicle, so the relationship between the speed and the accident is analyzed with the speed as the intermediary. A model of speed expectation, accident severity, accident dispersion and accident rate is established, which provides a quantitative basis for the implementation of traffic safety facilities. In the course of the research, the section before and after traffic safety facilities is taken as the analysis unit. Using K-S to test the normal distribution of speed suit before and after the safety facilities, it is proved that there is significant difference in the change of speed. Based on the speed data of other high speed traffic safety facilities in Hebei province, the trend of speed gradient, overspeed and dispersion of traffic safety facilities before and after the action of traffic safety facilities is analyzed macroscopically. The effectiveness of main traffic safety facilities is evaluated by reducing the severity of accidents and the expected number of road accidents.
【學位授予單位】：河北工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U491.5

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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