本文選題：巖溶隧道　切入點(diǎn)：隱伏溶洞　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：巖溶隧道突水突泥等地質(zhì)災(zāi)害給隧道施工和運(yùn)營(yíng)安全造成極大威脅,已引起國(guó)內(nèi)外的廣泛關(guān)注。如何針對(duì)不同地質(zhì)條件下不同類型的巖溶隧道采用恰當(dāng)?shù)膸r溶治理措施來減輕隧道巖溶危害是一個(gè)亟待解決的重大難題。鄂西山區(qū)多為碳酸鹽巖地層,氣候濕潤(rùn),導(dǎo)致地表多形成巖溶洼地,山體內(nèi)溶洞、溶腔、地下暗河等巖溶構(gòu)造十分發(fā)育,隧道建設(shè)過程中極易遇到不同類型、不同分布形態(tài)的隱伏溶洞。溶洞的大量存在,極易導(dǎo)致隧道在開挖擾動(dòng)下發(fā)生大規(guī)模的突水突泥、隧道圍巖崩塌、地表塌陷等地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,對(duì)施工安全構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅。為此,研究溶洞的發(fā)育特征及規(guī)律,分析不同類型溶洞對(duì)隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性的影響,建立一套行之有效、經(jīng)濟(jì)合理的隧道溶洞綜合治理方案和體系,從根本上解決具有隱蔽性和突發(fā)性的巖溶危害問題,不僅對(duì)既有巖溶地區(qū)隧道施工具有重要技術(shù)價(jià)值和經(jīng)濟(jì)意義,而且為在建和待建的巖溶隧道的建設(shè)提供了重要的理論依據(jù)和現(xiàn)實(shí)指導(dǎo)。本文以鄂西山區(qū)恩來恩黔高速公路、利萬高速22條巖溶隧道為工程背景,探討了巖溶發(fā)育機(jī)制及特征,建立了鄂西山區(qū)隱伏溶洞分類體系,基于層次分析法,定性研究了鄂西山區(qū)高速公路含隱伏溶洞巖溶隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性的影響因素與因素權(quán)值,并提出了隱伏溶洞影響隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性的評(píng)估方法。基于COMSOL Mutiphysics多場(chǎng)耦合數(shù)值模擬軟件定量分析了在不同類型和分布形態(tài)下的隱伏溶洞的影響下隧道圍巖滲流場(chǎng)、應(yīng)力場(chǎng)及位移場(chǎng)的變化規(guī)律,探究不同施工步驟、圍巖等級(jí)、距離、水壓、大小、形狀以及位置的隱伏溶洞對(duì)隧道穩(wěn)定性的影響。結(jié)合鄂西山區(qū)巖溶隧道實(shí)際施工情況,針對(duì)不同類型的隱伏溶洞提出了具體的治理原則和處治技術(shù)。 本文開展主要研究工作如下： (1)系統(tǒng)收集國(guó)內(nèi)外典型溶洞工程案例資料,基于巖溶發(fā)育的四項(xiàng)基本條件,結(jié)合鄂西山區(qū)高速公路項(xiàng)目群,研究鄂西山區(qū)巖溶發(fā)育特征規(guī)律及分類特征,將恩來恩黔高速、利萬高速22條巖溶隧道揭示的隱伏溶洞綜合分類。 (2)基于鄂西山區(qū)隱伏溶洞發(fā)育條件,綜合施工因素和控制措施,篩選出隱伏溶洞對(duì)隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性影響的評(píng)估指標(biāo),采用層次分析法,建立含隱伏溶洞的隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性評(píng)估模型,為溶洞的治理提供定性理論依據(jù)。 (3)基于隱伏溶洞對(duì)隧道圍巖穩(wěn)定性影響因素的研究,利用COMSOL Multiphysics數(shù)值模擬軟件研究在不同類型和分布形態(tài)的隱伏溶洞影響下隧道圍巖滲流場(chǎng)、應(yīng)力場(chǎng)及位移場(chǎng)的變化規(guī)律,揭示含隱伏溶洞隧道圍巖失穩(wěn)機(jī)理,為溶洞的治理提供理論依據(jù)。 (4)結(jié)合恩來恩黔高速公路的工程實(shí)例總結(jié)溶洞處治原則與處治技術(shù),針對(duì)不同類型的溶洞分別提出合理的處治措施。
[Abstract]:Geological disasters such as water inrush and mud outburst in karst tunnels pose a great threat to the safety of tunnel construction and operation. How to adopt appropriate karst treatment measures for different types of karst tunnels under different geological conditions to reduce tunnel karst hazards is a major problem to be solved urgently. Carbonate strata, The humid climate leads to the formation of karst depressions on the surface. Karst structures such as caves, caverns and underground rivers are well developed. During the construction of tunnels, it is easy to encounter different types of concealed caverns with different distribution forms. A large number of karst caverns exist. It is easy to cause large-scale water inrush and mud inrush under excavation disturbance, the surrounding rock collapse of tunnel, surface collapse and other geological disasters, which pose a serious threat to the safety of construction. Therefore, the development characteristics and rules of karst cave are studied. This paper analyzes the influence of different types of caverns on the stability of tunnel surrounding rock, establishes a set of effective and reasonable comprehensive treatment scheme and system of tunnel caverns, and fundamentally solves the problem of karst hazards with concealment and sudden occurrence. It not only has important technical value and economic significance for tunnel construction in existing karst areas, but also provides important theoretical basis and practical guidance for the construction of karst tunnel under construction and pending construction. In this paper, 22 karst tunnels in Liwan high speed are studied, the karst development mechanism and characteristics are discussed, the classification system of concealed karst caves in western Hubei is established, and the classification system is based on the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP). In this paper, the influence factors and weights of surrounding rock stability of karst tunnel with concealed caverns on expressway in western Hubei mountain area are studied qualitatively. Based on the COMSOL Mutiphysics multi-field coupled numerical simulation software, the seepage field of the tunnel surrounding rock under the influence of different types and distribution forms is analyzed quantitatively. The variation law of stress field and displacement field, the influence of different construction steps, surrounding rock grade, distance, water pressure, size, shape and position on the stability of tunnel is discussed. Specific treatment principles and treatment techniques are put forward for different types of hidden caverns. The main research work of this paper is as follows:. Based on the four basic conditions of karst development and combined with the expressway project group in the west of Hubei province, the characteristics of karst development and the classification characteristics of karst development in western Hubei mountain area are studied systematically, and the high speed of Enlai and Guizhou is put forward. Comprehensive classification of hidden karst caves revealed by 22 karst tunnels in Liwan high speed. (2) based on the development condition of concealed karst cave in western Hubei mountain area and the comprehensive construction factors and control measures, the evaluation index of the influence of hidden karst cave on the stability of surrounding rock of tunnel is screened out, and the analytic hierarchy process is used to evaluate the influence of hidden karst cave on the surrounding rock stability. The evaluation model of surrounding rock stability of tunnel with hidden caverns is established to provide qualitative theoretical basis for the treatment of caverns. 3) based on the study of the influence factors on the stability of tunnel surrounding rock, the variation of seepage field, stress field and displacement field of tunnel surrounding rock under the influence of different types and distribution forms of hidden karst cave are studied by COMSOL Multiphysics numerical simulation software. The mechanism of surrounding rock instability of tunnel with concealed caverns is revealed, which provides theoretical basis for the treatment of karst caves. 4) combining with the engineering example of Erlaien and Guizhou Expressway, summarizes the principles and techniques of karst cave treatment, and puts forward reasonable treatment measures for different types of karst cave respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U451.2;U455.49

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