造橋機(jī)在鐵路客運(yùn)專線箱梁施工中的應(yīng)用及仿真分析
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 造橋機(jī) 支撐托架 主梁 驗(yàn)算 有限元分析 出處:《重慶交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
【摘要】:造橋機(jī)作造橋機(jī)作為一種用于箱梁現(xiàn)場(chǎng)原位現(xiàn)澆施工的大型專用設(shè)備,通過在橋位處一次拼裝,利用支撐托架或承臺(tái)作為支承,對(duì)箱梁進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)逐孔滑移澆筑。造橋機(jī)是一種高度自動(dòng)化的設(shè)備,該方法的施工工藝是將模板系統(tǒng)、支撐系統(tǒng)和過孔功能融為一體。隨著造橋機(jī)法施工工藝的不斷發(fā)展進(jìn)步,目前該方法已被廣泛的應(yīng)用在公路和鐵路等多種橋梁的施工中。造橋機(jī)主要由主框架系統(tǒng)、模板及其支撐系統(tǒng)和附屬設(shè)施等幾個(gè)主要部分組成,并借助這些設(shè)施完成由澆筑箱梁到移位過孔繼續(xù)施工下一孔箱梁等一系列步驟。 本文以DXZ32/900(B)型下承自行式造橋機(jī)為主要研究對(duì)象,該型造橋機(jī)是針對(duì)客運(yùn)專線箱梁的施工而專門設(shè)計(jì),可同時(shí)適用于客運(yùn)專線24米跨和32米跨兩種跨徑的簡(jiǎn)支箱梁的施工。本文詳細(xì)介紹造橋機(jī)的組成部分和施工工藝,并重點(diǎn)介紹了施工工序中的預(yù)壓試驗(yàn),預(yù)壓試驗(yàn)可以驗(yàn)證造橋機(jī)工作時(shí)的安全性,通過分級(jí)加載和卸載可以得到造橋機(jī)變形的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),根據(jù)得到的這些數(shù)據(jù)可以推算出模架的上拱曲線,根據(jù)各測(cè)點(diǎn)的預(yù)拱度值將模板調(diào)整到位從而使箱梁的線性更好的與設(shè)計(jì)值吻合。驗(yàn)算造橋機(jī)的縱向抗傾覆性、橫向抗傾覆性和整體穩(wěn)定性、局部穩(wěn)定性,檢算造橋機(jī)主要部件的強(qiáng)度和抗彎性能,驗(yàn)算造橋機(jī)主梁和腹板接頭連接。 造橋機(jī)為非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)備,其體積龐大且構(gòu)造復(fù)雜,在施工中承受的荷載較大,所處的施工環(huán)境復(fù)雜。對(duì)鐵路客運(yùn)專線中常用的幾種制梁方法進(jìn)行了對(duì)比,分別分析了這幾種制梁方法各自的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn),并側(cè)重分析了造橋機(jī)法相對(duì)于其他幾種方法的優(yōu)勢(shì),對(duì)比了這幾種方法的經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)。在方案可行性和經(jīng)濟(jì)合理性的前提下,造橋機(jī)法大量的應(yīng)用于鐵路特別是在客運(yùn)專線標(biāo)準(zhǔn)跨徑箱梁的施工中。 根據(jù)造橋機(jī)自身的構(gòu)造和施工作業(yè)流程的特點(diǎn),運(yùn)用ANSYS建立了支撐托架在空載狀態(tài)下和滿載制梁狀態(tài)下這兩種典型工作狀態(tài)6種工況下的有限元模型,得到了各種工況下支撐托架整體及各主要構(gòu)件的應(yīng)力值。經(jīng)分析計(jì)算結(jié)果表明:支撐托架整體和各主要構(gòu)件的強(qiáng)度都滿足要求。除了靜態(tài)分析,還對(duì)造橋機(jī)的主要受力部件支撐托架進(jìn)行了動(dòng)態(tài)分析,包括模態(tài)分析和諧響應(yīng)分析。其中在模態(tài)分析中得到了支撐托架前三十階固有頻率。諧響應(yīng)分析對(duì)比了移位臺(tái)車在支撐托架橫梁上移動(dòng)過程中不同位置的諧響應(yīng)。 利用ANSYS建立了空載狀態(tài)下和滿載制梁狀態(tài)下上部支架的整體有限元模型,分析了上部支架的整體應(yīng)力及垂直撓度。在低矮墩施工中,支撐托架直接支撐于承臺(tái)上,為了保證支撐托架的穩(wěn)定性及承臺(tái)在能夠承受支撐托架荷載下不開裂,需要用高標(biāo)號(hào)的砂漿找平和對(duì)承臺(tái)做局部補(bǔ)強(qiáng),補(bǔ)強(qiáng)措施為在低矮墩承臺(tái)與托架接觸處增加鋼筋,必要時(shí)可增加鋼板?瓦\(yùn)專線簡(jiǎn)支箱梁的跨徑主要有24米和32米兩種,施工中就存在變跨施工,通過增減內(nèi)外模板及橫撐的數(shù)量來實(shí)現(xiàn)變跨施工。 在對(duì)造橋機(jī)有限元分析計(jì)算中將現(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工中各種因素均考慮其中,計(jì)算和模擬精度都比較高,,對(duì)工程實(shí)際非常有用。通過對(duì)造橋機(jī)的支撐托架和上部支架的分析,結(jié)果表明造橋機(jī)能夠滿足施工的要求。
[Abstract]:As a kind of large - scale special equipment for in - situ cast - in - situ construction of box girder , bridge - making machine is used as support for site - to - hole slip casting of box girder . The bridge - making machine is a kind of highly automated equipment . This paper takes DXZ32 / 900 ( B ) as the main research object , which is specially designed for the construction of passenger dedicated line box girder , which can be applied to the construction of 24 - meter span and 32 - meter span simply supported box beam . The bridge - making machine is a non - standard equipment , the volume is large and the structure is complex , the load borne by the construction is large , and the construction environment is complicated . The advantages and disadvantages of these methods are analyzed , and the economic indexes of these methods are compared . In the premise of feasibility and economic rationality of the scheme , the bridge - making machine method is applied to the railway especially in the construction of the standard cross - track box girder of passenger dedicated line . Based on the construction of the bridge crane and the characteristics of the construction work flow , the stress values of the support bracket and the main components under various working conditions are established by using ANSYS . The results show that the strength of the supporting bracket and the main components is satisfied . In addition to the static analysis , the supporting bracket of the main bearing part of the bridge machine is analyzed dynamically , including modal analysis and harmonic response analysis . The harmonic response analysis is used to compare the harmonic responses of the shift trolley in different positions on the beam of the support bracket . In the construction of low piers , the support bracket is directly supported on the bearing platform . In order to ensure the stability of the support bracket and the bearing platform not to crack under the load of the support bracket , it is necessary to use high - grade mortar for leveling and local reinforcement of the bearing platform . In order to ensure the stability of the support bracket and the bearing platform without cracking under the load of the support bracket , it is necessary to increase the steel plate with high - grade mortar . The span of the passenger dedicated line simply - supported box girder is mainly 24 m and 32 m . In the construction , the variable - span construction is realized , and the variable - span construction can be realized by increasing the number of the inner and outer formwork and the cross bracing . Based on the analysis of the support bracket and the upper bracket of the bridge - making machine , the results show that the bridge - making machine can meet the requirements of construction .
【學(xué)位授予單位】:重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號(hào)】:U445.3
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