基于預(yù)瞄的車輛路徑跟蹤控制研究
本文關(guān)鍵詞:基于預(yù)瞄的車輛路徑跟蹤控制研究 出處:《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
更多相關(guān)文章: 路徑跟蹤 預(yù)瞄誤差 四輪轉(zhuǎn)向 滑模控制 Carsim
【摘要】:隨著汽車保有量穩(wěn)步增加,由汽車帶來的各種社會問題也凸顯了出來。我國每年因車禍死亡的人數(shù)高達驚人的數(shù)十萬,而這些車禍基本上都是由駕駛員操作失誤造成的;另外,由不合理的路徑規(guī)劃造成的城市交通擁堵也是一個亟待解決的問題。研究開發(fā)無人駕駛車輛被認為是解決以上這些問題的有效途徑,但目前對無人駕駛車輛路徑跟蹤控制的研究還很少,而且已有的研究中往往只側(cè)重于對位置誤差的控制,很少通過對質(zhì)心側(cè)偏角的控制來提高行駛穩(wěn)定性,并且針對參數(shù)不確定等情況下的控制算法設(shè)計也有待進一步深入。 本文對無人駕駛四輪轉(zhuǎn)向車輛的路徑跟蹤控制方法進行了研究,建立了基于“魔術(shù)公式”的非線性輪胎模型,建立了四輪轉(zhuǎn)向車輛的動力學(xué)方程和基于預(yù)瞄的橫向誤差模型。 采用滑?刂品椒ń⒘寺窂礁櫤蛙嚲啾3挚刂破,通過仿真驗證了控制器的控制效果。通過對耦合和非耦合的仿真結(jié)果進行對比,顯示出耦合性設(shè)計分析在車輛控制系統(tǒng)研發(fā)中的重要性;通過分析對比相同道路曲率條件下,前輪轉(zhuǎn)向和四輪轉(zhuǎn)向車輛的跟蹤誤差,顯示出四輪轉(zhuǎn)向車輛更好的操縱穩(wěn)定性和路徑跟蹤能力;此外,對3種不同曲率道路的仿真結(jié)果顯示,四輪轉(zhuǎn)向車輛對不同曲率的道路具有更強的適應(yīng)能力。 提出了一種基于預(yù)瞄的期望道路曲率修正算法,以防止曲率突變降低車輛操縱穩(wěn)定性和舒適性,并通過仿真驗證了其有效性。針對車輛參數(shù)未知的情況建立了滑模自適應(yīng)控制器,仿真結(jié)果顯示,,控制器在有效控制誤差的同時還能精確估計控制器中的未知系數(shù)。 針對車輛模型未知的情況設(shè)計了模糊控制器,用Carsim與Matlab進行了聯(lián)合仿真,對無人駕駛前輪轉(zhuǎn)向車輛和四輪轉(zhuǎn)向車輛的路徑跟蹤控制仿真結(jié)果進行對比分析,結(jié)果證明,模糊控制器能夠有效控制模型未知的車輛實現(xiàn)對目標路徑的跟蹤。
[Abstract]:As car ownership has increased steadily, various social problems brought by automobiles are highlighted. Due to the number of car accident death of up to hundreds of thousands of amazing every year, and these accidents are basically caused by pilot error; in addition, the city caused by traffic congestion is an urgent problem to be solved by the path planning is not reasonable. The research and development of unmanned vehicle is considered to be the effective way to solve these problems, but few researches are currently on the unmanned vehicle path tracking control, and the existing research often only focus on the control of position error, by controlling the center of mass of the side slip angle of little to improve driving stability and for the design of control algorithm with uncertain parameters under such circumstances also needs further.
The unmanned vehicle path tracking control method of four wheel steering, based on the "magic formula" nonlinear tire model, established the four wheel steering vehicle based on lateral dynamics equation and error model of the preview.
The sliding mode control method is established for path tracking and vehicle distance control system, the simulation result shows that the control effect of the controller. Through comparing the simulation results of the coupling and non coupling, shows the coupling design and analysis in the vehicle control system importance in development; comparative analysis of the same conditions through the road curvature, front wheel steering and four the steering wheel tracking error of the vehicle, four wheel steering vehicle shows better handling stability and path tracking ability; in addition, the simulation of 3 different road curvature. The results show that the vehicle has a stronger ability to adapt to the curvature of the road with four wheel steering.
This paper proposes an expected path curvature correction algorithm based on the preview, in order to prevent the abrupt change of curvature reduce vehicle handling stability and comfort, and its effectiveness is verified by simulation. The adaptive sliding mode controller is established for the vehicle with unknown parameters, the simulation results show that the controller can effectively control the error in the accurate estimation of the unknown coefficient controller in.
For unknown vehicle model design a fuzzy controller, using Carsim and Matlab simulation was carried out, the path of unmanned vehicle front wheel steering and four wheel steering tracking control simulation results are compared and analyzed. The results show that the target path tracking fuzzy controller can effectively control the unknown system model of the vehicle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:U495;U463.6
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