【摘要】：切削振動(dòng)對(duì)表面質(zhì)量和刀具磨損均有不利影響,切削加工過(guò)程中影響切削振動(dòng)的因素包括工件材料,切削用量,機(jī)床結(jié)構(gòu),刀具,外部環(huán)境等,系統(tǒng)中各部分的振動(dòng)最終會(huì)體現(xiàn)在刀具和工件的相對(duì)振動(dòng)上,試驗(yàn)表明切屑形態(tài)對(duì)切削振動(dòng)的影響明顯,研究高速加工中的切屑形態(tài)變化對(duì)切削振動(dòng)的影響,有助于豐富切削理論,并為優(yōu)化切削加工參數(shù)提供依據(jù)。本文針對(duì)鈦合金進(jìn)行干式車(chē)削試驗(yàn),通過(guò)單因素分析、正交分析等研究方法,研究了切削形態(tài)對(duì)切削振動(dòng)的影響規(guī)律以及切削力與切削振動(dòng)的關(guān)系,切削振動(dòng)與表面粗糙度的關(guān)系,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)論如下:(1)研究了TC4、TA15和TA2在不同切削用量下的切削形態(tài)變化,研究結(jié)果表明切削速度,進(jìn)給量,背吃刀量越大,切屑的鋸齒化程度和步距越大,速度越大鋸齒頻率越大,進(jìn)給量和背吃刀量越大,鋸齒頻率越小,相同切削用量下鋸齒化程度順序?yàn)門(mén)C4TA15TA2。(2)研究了切削用量對(duì)切削振動(dòng)的影響以及切削力與切削振動(dòng)的關(guān)系,研究結(jié)果表明進(jìn)給量和背吃刀量越大,切削振動(dòng)加速度越大,隨著切削速度的上升,切削振動(dòng)加速度的變化趨勢(shì)為先上升再下降然后又上升,切削速度變化時(shí)切削力與切削振動(dòng)加速度的變化規(guī)律不同,進(jìn)給量與背吃刀量變化時(shí)切削力與切削振動(dòng)加速度的變化規(guī)律相同。(3)研究了TA15和TC4切屑形態(tài)對(duì)切削振動(dòng)頻譜和小波能譜的影響,在切削速度低于77.4m/min時(shí)切屑形態(tài)近似帶狀,對(duì)切削振動(dòng)全頻域的加速度和小波能量影響都很小,大于等于77.4m/min時(shí)切屑形態(tài)為鋸齒形切屑,對(duì)切削振動(dòng)高頻部分加速度和小波能量影響較大,對(duì)低頻部分影響較小。
[Abstract]:Cutting vibration has an adverse effect on surface quality and tool wear. The factors affecting cutting vibration in cutting process include workpiece material, cutting quantity, machine tool structure, tool, external environment and so on. The vibration of each part of the system will finally be reflected in the relative vibration of the tool and the workpiece. The experiment shows that the chip shape has an obvious effect on the cutting vibration, and the influence of the chip shape change on the cutting vibration in the high-speed machining is studied. It is helpful to enrich the cutting theory and provide the basis for optimizing the cutting parameters. Through single factor analysis and orthogonal analysis, the influence of cutting shape on cutting vibration and the relationship between cutting force and cutting vibration are studied in this paper. In this paper, the dry turning test of titanium alloy is carried out, and by means of single factor analysis and orthogonal analysis, the influence of cutting shape on cutting vibration is studied. The relationship between cutting vibration and surface roughness is studied. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the change of cutting morphology of TC4,TA15 and TA2 under different cutting parameters is studied. The results show that the cutting speed, feed and feed amount increase. The greater the sawing degree and step of the chip, the greater the speed, the greater the sawtooth frequency, the greater the feed and the amount of the back feed, the smaller the sawtooth frequency, the greater the sawtooth frequency. The effect of cutting parameters on cutting vibration and the relationship between cutting force and cutting vibration are studied in the order of sawing degree TC4TA15TA2. (2) under the same cutting parameters. The results show that the higher the feed and the amount of back-feeding cutters, the greater the acceleration of cutting vibration. With the increase of cutting speed, the changing trend of cutting vibration acceleration is firstly rising and then decreasing and then rising. When the cutting speed changes, the law of cutting force and cutting vibration acceleration is different. The variation of cutting force and cutting vibration acceleration is the same as that of feed and feed. (3) the influence of chip morphology of TA15 and TC4 on the frequency spectrum and wavelet spectrum of cutting vibration is studied. When the cutting speed is lower than 77.4m/min, the chip shape is approximately banded and has little effect on the acceleration and wavelet energy of cutting vibration in all frequency domain. When the cutting speed is greater than or equal to 77.4m/min, the chip shape is sawtooth chip. It has a great influence on the acceleration and wavelet energy of the high frequency part of the cutting vibration, but less on the low frequency part of the cutting vibration.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TG501

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