【摘要】：近年來,軌道交通快速發(fā)展使軌道車輛車體材料的研究成為焦點。301L不銹鋼因為具有較高強度、耐腐蝕性好等優(yōu)點,被選作軌道車輛車體材料使用,并通過形變強化,在保證強度的情況下,可降低材料厚度達到輕量化和節(jié)能減排的目的。由于301L不銹鋼板材在冷軋生產(chǎn)過程中的軋制參數(shù)不易控制,生產(chǎn)難度較高等問題,本文為此主要研究了冷軋變形量對301L不銹鋼板材組織與性能的影響規(guī)律,為實際生產(chǎn)提供一定技術(shù)參考。試驗制備了標準成分的301L不銹鋼,將其進行鍛造、熱軋和冷軋?zhí)幚?開展了變形量對冷軋試樣顯微組織和拉伸性能的研究。研究表明,在冷軋過程中,隨變形量增大,位錯增殖、在晶界附近塞積,造成晶粒變形;晶粒中出現(xiàn)交叉滑移帶,為馬氏體形核提供場所;大變形量時,晶粒出現(xiàn)納米化現(xiàn)象,衍射斑點呈環(huán)狀;變形時晶粒發(fā)生偏轉(zhuǎn),γ(220)面逐漸與軋向平行;材料中產(chǎn)生加工硬化和晶粒細化,并發(fā)生馬氏體相變,導致材料強度、硬度提升,塑性、韌性下降;在15%壓下率時,抗拉強度達到965MPa,屈服強度達到677MPa,硬度達到335HV,延伸率為49%;在40%壓下率時,材料抗拉強度、屈服強度、硬度分別為1317MPa、1274MPa和469HV,延伸率顯著下降;隨著冷軋過程中壓下率的增加,301L不銹鋼的形變硬化指數(shù)(n值)由0.357%降至0.030%。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of rail transit has made the research of rail vehicle body material become the focus. 301L stainless steel has been selected as the material of rail vehicle body because of its high strength and good corrosion resistance, and strengthened by deformation. Under the condition of guaranteed strength, the material thickness can be reduced to achieve the purpose of light weight and energy saving and emission reduction. Because the rolling parameters of 301L stainless steel sheet are not easy to control and the production difficulty is high during the cold rolling process, the effect of cold rolling deformation on the microstructure and properties of 301L stainless steel sheet is studied in this paper. Provide certain technical reference for actual production. The standard 301L stainless steel was prepared by forging, hot rolling and cold rolling. The microstructure and tensile properties of cold rolled stainless steel were studied. The results show that in the cold rolling process, with the increase of deformation amount, dislocation proliferates, and the grain deformation is caused by plugging near grain boundaries, and there are cross slip bands in the grains, which provide a place for martensite nucleation. Nanocrystalline grains appear nanocrystalline in large amount of deformation, diffraction spots appear annular, grain deflections occur during deformation, 緯 (220) plane is gradually parallel to rolling direction. Work hardening, grain refinement and martensite transformation occur in the material, which leads to the increase of strength, hardness, plasticity and toughness of the material. The tensile strength, yield strength, hardness and elongation were 965 MPA, 677 MPA, 335 HVand 49, respectively, and the tensile strength, yield strength and hardness were 1317MPa 1274MPa and 469HVrespectively. The deformation hardening index (n value) of 301L stainless steel decreased from 0.357% to 0.030% with the increase of reduction rate during cold rolling.
【學位授予單位】：西華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2018
【分類號】：TG337.5

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