【摘要】：各類鑄件上往往有很多板狀結(jié)構(gòu)。板類件的鑄造缺陷是影響板類件鑄件生產(chǎn)質(zhì)量的主要因素,而消除缺陷的主要方法就是施加冒口,但是冒口大小、位置設(shè)計(jì)的不合理會(huì)導(dǎo)致鑄件產(chǎn)生缺陷或者嚴(yán)重降低工藝出品率。因此本文對(duì)板類件冒口的設(shè)計(jì)方法和缺陷預(yù)測(cè)進(jìn)行著重研究�；赑roCAST鑄造工藝模擬軟件研究冒口的生長算法,并利用貪吃蛇算法的快速優(yōu)化過程,對(duì)板類鑄件冒口設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,并與傳統(tǒng)的模數(shù)法進(jìn)行了比較。根據(jù)不同板件厚度的模擬結(jié)果,發(fā)現(xiàn)板件經(jīng)過5到6次計(jì)算,可獲得最優(yōu)解,同時(shí)冒口體積相對(duì)于模數(shù)法減小46%以上,工藝出品率則提高了20%左右。根據(jù)不同板件厚度的模擬結(jié)果,板件體積VC與生長算法設(shè)計(jì)冒口體積VR之間的關(guān)系為VC=(2.4~2.6)VR。根據(jù)40mm厚的板件澆鑄試驗(yàn),生長算法設(shè)計(jì)的冒口在滿足鑄件不存在縮孔缺陷的鑄造要求下,冒口的體積為模數(shù)法的48%,工藝出品率可提高22%,同時(shí)凝固時(shí)間縮短550s。本文對(duì)Niyama判據(jù)和模數(shù)法的關(guān)聯(lián)進(jìn)行研究,利用模數(shù)對(duì)Niyama判據(jù)進(jìn)行解釋,得到了Niyama-模數(shù)法判據(jù),并利用Niyama-模數(shù)法判據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)冒口直徑為105mm的板件的缺陷。根據(jù)實(shí)際澆注試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果,在Niyama-模數(shù)法預(yù)測(cè)產(chǎn)生缺陷部位產(chǎn)生了鑄造缺陷。通過沈陽某公司實(shí)際生產(chǎn)的鏟板槽鋼利用生長算法和Niyama-模數(shù)法判據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)冒口并預(yù)測(cè)缺陷。根據(jù)該公司實(shí)際生產(chǎn)的鑄件,并經(jīng)過X光探傷內(nèi)部不存在缺陷,并且工藝出品率提高了12%左右,達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)要求,因此證明生長算法和Niyama-模數(shù)法判據(jù)在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)中具有實(shí)用性。
[Abstract]:Various kinds of castings often have a lot of plate-like structure. The casting defects of plate parts are the main factors affecting the quality of plate castings, and the main way to eliminate the defects is to apply risers, but the size of risers, Unreasonable position design may lead to defects in the casting or seriously reduce the production rate of the process. Therefore, this paper focuses on the design method and defect prediction of risers for plate parts. This paper studies the riser growth algorithm based on ProCAST casting process simulation software, and optimizes the riser design of plate castings by using the fast optimization process of greedy snake algorithm, and compares it with the traditional modulus method. According to the simulation results of different thickness of plates, it is found that the optimal solution can be obtained after 5 to 6 calculations, and the riser volume is reduced by more than 46% compared with the modular method, and the yield of the process is increased by about 20%. According to the simulation results of different plate thickness, the relation between the plate volume VC and the riser volume VR of the growth algorithm is VC= (2.4 ~ 2.6) VR.. According to the casting test of 40mm thick sheet, the riser designed by the growth algorithm can meet the casting requirements without shrinkage defects, the volume of riser is 48 parts of that of modular method, the production rate of the process can be increased by 22 and the solidification time can be shortened by 550 s. In this paper, the correlation between Niyama criterion and modulus method is studied, the Niyama criterion is interpreted by modulus, and the Niyama- modulus criterion is obtained, and the Niyama- modulus method is used to predict the defects of the riser with 105mm diameter. According to the results of actual casting test, casting defects were predicted by Niyama- modulus method. By using the growth algorithm and Niyama- modulus criterion, the riser was designed and the defects were predicted by a shovel plate channel steel actually produced by a certain company in Shenyang. According to the actual castings produced by the company, there are no defects in the castings after X-ray inspection, and the production rate of the process has been increased by about 12% to meet the design requirements. Therefore, it is proved that the growth algorithm and the criterion of Niyama- modulus method are practical in practical production.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG244.4

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