【摘要】：5083鋁合金為Al-Mg合金,因其具有熔焊性能好、可冷加工及優(yōu)良的耐蝕性能,使得其廣泛應(yīng)用于航空航天、車輛及船舶等領(lǐng)域。隨著該合金及其焊接件的廣泛應(yīng)用,使其面臨著嚴(yán)重的腐蝕問題。本試驗采用動電位極化曲線測試方法,在3.5%的NaCl所模擬的海水中,對不同工藝條件下10mm厚的5083鋁合金YAG激光-MIG電弧平板堆焊接頭進(jìn)行了耐腐蝕性能測試。采用金相顯微鏡對其微觀組織進(jìn)行觀察,并利用高速相機(jī)照片和模擬仿真等方法對其形成原因進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明:由于焊接工藝的不同,使得接頭內(nèi)部缺陷、晶粒的均勻性及應(yīng)力分布狀態(tài)不同。在三者的交互作用下,使得電化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性具有一定的差異性,最終導(dǎo)致不同預(yù)處理狀態(tài)下接頭耐蝕性,鋼刷打磨處理最優(yōu),化學(xué)腐蝕處理次之,原始表面狀態(tài)最差。在不同激光功率和焊槍保護(hù)氣體流量下,接頭整體耐蝕性隨激光功率和焊槍保護(hù)氣體流量的增加而降低。在不同焊接電流、光絲距下及焊接速度下,接頭耐蝕性隨焊接電流、光絲距及焊接速度的增大呈先增強(qiáng)后降低的趨勢。在不同離焦量下,接頭耐蝕性隨著離焦量的變化而波動。接頭耐蝕性最優(yōu)焊接工藝為:鋼刷打磨條件下,激光功率為3.0kW、焊接電流為200A、電弧電壓為20.8V、光絲距為3mm、焊接速度為1.0m/min、離焦量為-2mm、焊槍保護(hù)氣流量為20L/min。其耐蝕性約為母材的6.5倍。
[Abstract]:5083 aluminum alloy is a Al-Mg alloy. It is widely used in aerospace, vehicle and ship due to its good welding properties, cold working and corrosion resistance. With the wide application of the alloy and its welding parts, it is faced with serious corrosion problems. The corrosion resistance of 5083 aluminum alloy YAG laser-MIG arc surfacing joints with 10mm thickness under different conditions was tested by potentiodynamic polarization curve test in 3.5% seawater simulated by NaCl. The microstructure was observed by metallographic microscope, and the reasons for its formation were analyzed by means of high speed camera photos and simulation. The results show that the internal defects, grain uniformity and stress distribution are different due to the different welding process. Under the interaction of the three factors, the electrochemical stability is different, which leads to the corrosion resistance of the joints under different pretreatment conditions, the steel brush grinding treatment is the best, the chemical corrosion treatment is the second, and the original surface state is the worst. Under different laser power and flux, the overall corrosion resistance of the joint decreases with the increase of laser power and flux of shielded gas. Under different welding current, light wire distance and welding speed, the corrosion resistance of the joint increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of welding current, optical wire distance and welding speed. The corrosion resistance of the joint fluctuates with the change of the defocus under different defocusing conditions. The optimum welding process for joint corrosion resistance is as follows: laser power is 3.0 kW, welding current is 200A, arc voltage is 20.8V, wire distance is 3mm, welding speed is 1.0 m / min, defocus is -2mm, flux of shielded gas is 20L / min. Its corrosion resistance is about 6.5 times of that of the base metal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長春理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG457.14

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