【摘要】：目前,市場上的滾焊機多以加工圓形鋼筋骨架為主,對于異形鋼筋骨架的加工效率低,且常規(guī)的滾焊機在環(huán)筋與縱筋焊焊接的過程中鋼筋骨架的橫截面無法改變。市面上滾焊機控制系統(tǒng)多采用繼電器控制方式或PLC控制方式,既影響了滾焊機的加工效率,也阻礙了滾焊機自動化程度的提高。所以,人們急需提高滾焊機控制系統(tǒng)的適用性與功能性,以便匹配更加新穎的滾焊機機械結構,以此實現(xiàn)異形鋼筋骨架加工的高效率和高自動化。本文以揚州某企業(yè)所生產的異形管鋼筋骨架自動變徑滾焊機作為研究對象,對其結構和工作原理進行分析,提出了一套最適合此種滾焊機實際工況的多電機控制系統(tǒng)方案。本文主要研究內容從以下幾個方面進行闡述:(1)根據(jù)異形管鋼筋骨架自動變徑滾焊機的工作特性,提出了基于PLC網絡和基于485總線的兩種不同滾焊機多電機控制系統(tǒng)方案,并在485總線方案中使用ZigBee無線傳輸技術,在對比和分析兩種控制系統(tǒng)方案的結構特點、系統(tǒng)成本、可靠性以及適用范圍后優(yōu)選基于485總線和ZigBee的滾焊機多電機控制系統(tǒng)方案,并針對該控制方案設計了詳細的軟硬件配置。(2)分析異形管鋼筋骨架自動變徑滾焊機在加工不同橫截面鋼筋骨架時48根縱筋的自動變徑方式,考慮到變徑機構上48臺步進電機在鋼筋骨架焊接的過程中也會隨機構轉動問題,且過多的電機隨機構轉動必然產生復雜的接線問題,設計了基于ZigBee無線傳輸技術的滾焊機多電機運動控制系統(tǒng),并對滾焊機的多步進電機ZigBee控制網絡的搭建與實施進行詳細設計與分析。(3)針對滾焊機對變橫面鋼筋骨架的加工需求,提出了滾焊機變徑機構中48臺步進電機同步控制要求,從多電機同步的控制結構和控制策略兩個方面進行分析和研究,設計了基于變論域模糊PID的改進型相鄰偏差耦合控制結構方案,并采用Matlab/Simulink對所設計的多電機同步控制方案進行仿真和校驗。(4)基于Visual Studio 2012平臺開發(fā)上位機控制軟件,對控制軟件進行詳細的功能架構設計,并對軟件中關鍵的功能模塊進行具體分析,同時闡述了滾焊機在運行過程中關鍵性程序的設計與思路,并在軟件中對所設計多電機同步控制策略進行實際的加工驗證。采用SQL Server 2012作為數(shù)據(jù)庫開發(fā)平臺,針對滾焊機的實際工況建立了詳細的信息資料數(shù)據(jù)庫。
[Abstract]:At present, most of the rolling welders on the market mainly process circular steel bar skeleton, and the processing efficiency of the special shape steel bar skeleton is low, and the cross section of the steel bar skeleton can not be changed during the welding process of the ring bar and the longitudinal steel bar by the conventional rolling welder. Relay control or PLC control are often used in the control system of rolling welder on the market, which not only affects the processing efficiency of the roller welding machine, but also hinders the improvement of the automation degree of the rolling welding machine. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the applicability and function of the control system of the rolling welding machine, so as to match the more novel mechanical structure of the rolling welding machine and realize the high efficiency and high automation of the special-shaped steel bar skeleton processing. In this paper, the structure and working principle of the automatic variable diameter roller welder for special-shaped pipe reinforced bar produced by a certain enterprise in Yangzhou is studied, and a set of multi-motor control system is put forward, which is most suitable for the actual working condition of this kind of rolling welder. The main research contents of this paper are as follows: (1) according to the working characteristics of the automatic variable diameter roller welder for special-shaped pipe, two schemes of multi-motor control system for different roller welders based on PLC network and 485 bus are put forward. The ZigBee wireless transmission technology is used in the 485 bus scheme. After comparing and analyzing the structural characteristics, system cost, reliability and application range of the two control systems, the multi-motor control system scheme of the roller welder based on 485 bus and ZigBee is selected. The detailed hardware and software configuration is designed for the control scheme. (2) the automatic diameter changing mode of 48 longitudinal bars is analyzed when the steel frame of special-shaped pipe is processed by automatic variable diameter roller welding machine with different cross section steel bars. Considering that 48 stepping motors on a variable diameter mechanism will also rotate with the mechanism during the welding of the steel frame, and that too many motors will inevitably have complex wiring problems with the rotation of the mechanism, The motion control system of multi-motor of rolling welder based on ZigBee wireless transmission technology is designed, and the construction and implementation of ZigBee control network of multi-step motor are designed and analyzed in detail. (3) according to the processing requirements of rolling welder for variable transverse steel bar skeleton, The requirements for synchronous control of 48 stepping motors in variable diameter mechanism of roller welder are put forward. The control structure and control strategy of multi-motor synchronization are analyzed and studied. An improved coupled control scheme of adjacent deviation based on variable domain fuzzy PID is designed, and the multi-motor synchronous control scheme is simulated and verified by Matlab/Simulink. (4) based on the Visual Studio 2012 platform, the control software of upper computer is developed. The function architecture of the control software is designed in detail, and the key function modules in the software are analyzed. At the same time, the design and thinking of the key program in the running process of the rolling welding machine are expounded. And the design of the multi-motor synchronization control strategy is verified in the software. Using SQL Server 2012 as the database development platform, a detailed information database is established for the actual working conditions of the roller welding machine.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG43

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本文編號：2210017