發(fā)布時間：2018-06-16 12:13

  本文選題：金剛石刀具 + 刀具參數(shù)��； 參考：《長春理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：單點金剛石車削技術采用單晶金剛石刀具對工件表面做微米級范圍的去除,使被加工的光學零件表面達到精度要求,實現(xiàn)超精密車削的目的。尤其是單點金剛石車削具有快速、低成本和高效等優(yōu)勢,使其在光學、醫(yī)療器械、汽車和通信等領域得到廣泛應用。在現(xiàn)代光學技術領域中,隨著光學技術的快速發(fā)展,對光學器件的表面精度要求越來越高,隨之帶來的對當代超精密加工精度也越來越高,同時在單點金剛石車削過程中,圓弧刃金剛石刀具的各項參數(shù)是影響光學零件表面加工精度的一項重要因素,通過了解刀具各項參數(shù)的選擇及其對工件的作用機理,能夠有效的控制光學元件的表面質(zhì)量以及形狀精度。本文為了了解單晶金剛石刀具在切削過程中對工件表面質(zhì)量的影響,首先簡要介紹了單晶金剛石晶體的性質(zhì),然后對單晶金剛石刀具刃口的鋒利度、加工時刀具幾何參數(shù)的合理選擇,以及其后刀面的難易磨方向和刀尖圓弧上的難磨比做了深入的研究。圍繞著圓弧刃金剛石刀具對光學零件的加工工藝,先從表面粗糙度的成型機理入手,分析不同后刀面輪廓刀具對不同形狀工件表面殘留高度的影響,并建立了不同后刀面輪廓刀具對工件表面粗糙度影響的理論計算模型,進一步分析其對工件表面粗糙度影響的差異。再根據(jù)刀具的各種偏差,本文深入的分析了刀具刃口波紋度對光學零件表面面形的影響,建立刀具刃口波紋度與工件表面面形誤差之間的對應關系,并分析刀具刃口波紋度對光學零件表面面形的影響,根據(jù)數(shù)學模型得到隨著刀具刃口波紋度的增加,對工件表面面形的影響越大,以及在利用相同刃口波紋度刀具對光學零件進行切削時,加工的口徑越大,刃口波紋度對其面形影響越嚴重。最后,本文經(jīng)過對黃銅和鋁的切削實驗,得到刀具各項參數(shù)對工件表面粗糙度和面形影響的實驗結果,并對實驗結果與理論分析相對比,進一步分析刀具各項參數(shù)對工件表面的影響,最終實現(xiàn)合理的選擇刀具參數(shù)來滿足加工要求。
[Abstract]:Single point diamond turning technology uses single crystal diamond cutting tools to remove the workpiece surface in the range of micron order, which makes the surface of the optical parts machined to meet the precision requirement and achieve the purpose of ultra-precision turning. In particular, single point diamond turning has the advantages of high speed, low cost and high efficiency, which makes it widely used in the fields of optics, medical devices, automobiles and communications. In the field of modern optical technology, with the rapid development of optical technology, the surface accuracy of optical devices is becoming more and more high, and the precision of ultra-precision machining is becoming higher and higher. At the same time, in the process of single point diamond turning, The parameters of diamond cutting tools with circular arc edge are an important factor affecting the surface machining accuracy of optical parts. The selection of the parameters of the cutting tools and the mechanism of their action on the workpieces are understood. It can effectively control the surface quality and shape accuracy of optical elements. In order to understand the influence of single crystal diamond cutting tools on the surface quality of workpiece, the properties of single crystal diamond crystal and the sharpness of the cutting edge of single crystal diamond tool are introduced briefly in this paper. The reasonable selection of the geometric parameters of the tool, the direction of the grinding of the tool surface and the ratio of the grinding on the arc of the cutter tip are studied in detail. Based on the machining process of optical parts with circular arc edge diamond tools, the influence of different rear cutter profile tools on the surface residual height of workpieces with different shapes is analyzed, starting with the forming mechanism of surface roughness. The theoretical calculation model of the influence of different profile tools on the surface roughness of workpiece is established, and the difference of the influence on the surface roughness of workpiece is analyzed. Then according to the deviation of cutting tool, this paper deeply analyzes the influence of cutting edge corrugation on the surface shape of optical parts, and establishes the corresponding relationship between tool edge corrugation and workpiece surface shape error. The influence of cutting edge corrugation on the surface profile of optical parts is analyzed. According to the mathematical model, the greater the influence on the surface shape of workpiece is obtained with the increase of cutting edge corrugation. And when cutting optical parts with the same cutting edge corrugation tool, the larger the diameter of machining, the more serious the influence of edge corrugation on the surface shape. Finally, through cutting experiments on brass and aluminum, the experimental results of the influence of cutting tool parameters on the surface roughness and surface shape of workpiece are obtained, and the experimental results are compared with the theoretical analysis. The influence of cutting tool parameters on the workpiece surface is further analyzed, and the reasonable selection of tool parameters to meet the machining requirements is realized.
【學位授予單位】：長春理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TG71;TG51

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本文編號：2026616