本文選題：APM + 膠粘復(fù)合��； 參考：《太原科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：將多孔泡沫金屬芯材與致密外殼通過一定連接方式組合成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),既具有泡沫芯材的輕質(zhì)、耐沖擊、抗振阻尼等特點(diǎn),亦具有致密外殼的高強(qiáng)度特點(diǎn),從而使泡沫金屬在民生、國(guó)防、航空航天等領(lǐng)域具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。目前泡沫鋁復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的制備方式眾多,但多數(shù)制備工藝過程復(fù)雜,模具成本較高,尤其對(duì)于一些大型復(fù)雜構(gòu)件,現(xiàn)有復(fù)合工藝難以保證充型效果及芯材孔隙率的均勻性。本文基于傳統(tǒng)粉末冶金發(fā)泡法(Powder Compacted Foaming,簡(jiǎn)稱PCF法)泡沫鋁制備工藝,提出一種新型復(fù)合工藝。即通過泡沫化過程制備出具有先進(jìn)孔隙結(jié)(Advanced Pore Morphology,簡(jiǎn)稱APM)的泡沫鋁硅合金填料小球,隨后利用環(huán)氧涂覆膠粘和環(huán)氧發(fā)泡膠粘兩種方法將小球填充到中空模具中,形成夾芯復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)獲得復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)制備工藝的基本參數(shù),并對(duì)其發(fā)泡和粘結(jié)機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析。對(duì)利用此法獲得的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行力學(xué)性能測(cè)試,并與中空模具的力學(xué)性能進(jìn)行比較。具體結(jié)論如下:(1)小球制作過程:利用PCM法制備泡沫鋁小球。發(fā)泡溫度、加熱速度、發(fā)泡劑種類對(duì)試樣膨脹過程和孔結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)有較大的影響。當(dāng)加熱速度為2.6℃/s時(shí)小球發(fā)泡綜合效果最好;發(fā)泡時(shí)間接近最大膨脹點(diǎn)時(shí)間點(diǎn)時(shí)孔結(jié)構(gòu)最為均勻,APM小球外形球形度也較高;以Zr H2為發(fā)泡劑的預(yù)制體在膨脹過程中的溫度平臺(tái)區(qū)長(zhǎng)度、到達(dá)最大膨脹點(diǎn)的溫度均要高于以Ti H2為發(fā)泡劑的預(yù)制體。(2)粘接復(fù)合過程:采用環(huán)氧膠粘和環(huán)氧發(fā)泡兩種方法用APM小球填充薄壁鋼管。采用環(huán)氧膠粘工藝進(jìn)行粘接充型時(shí),小球仍保持原位填充狀態(tài),填充均勻性僅與初始填充率有關(guān);而采用環(huán)氧發(fā)泡工藝進(jìn)行粘接充型時(shí),直徑為15mm的小球經(jīng)環(huán)氧樹脂發(fā)泡之后的分散均勻性強(qiáng)于直徑為20mm的小球;而當(dāng)APM小球初始填充率在80%和100%時(shí),發(fā)泡后在管中的分散均勻性要強(qiáng)于初始填充率為50%與30%的管件。采用直徑為15mm APM小球,填充率為80%和100%兩種參數(shù)對(duì)異形件進(jìn)行充填效果分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)采用直徑15mm APM小球、當(dāng)APM填充率100%時(shí)效果最好;且APM填充法提高了異形件內(nèi)部泡沫體孔的平均圓形度,增強(qiáng)了孔結(jié)構(gòu)的均勻性和重現(xiàn)性。(3)力學(xué)性能研究:采用環(huán)氧膠粘和環(huán)氧發(fā)泡兩種方法制備兩組復(fù)合管件樣本,將APM小球、薄壁空管及復(fù)合管件分別進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)壓縮,結(jié)果表明:APM小球變形過程中為首先靠近工作臺(tái)兩端部位孔穴最先變形坍塌,隨后向中心部位擴(kuò)展,直至全部壓潰;APM單元小球的應(yīng)力-載荷曲線與傳統(tǒng)泡沫鋁形狀大致相同,平臺(tái)區(qū)跨度較大。而薄壁鋼管主要表現(xiàn)為非對(duì)稱變形模式,環(huán)氧膠粘-APM填充管為混合模式,環(huán)氧發(fā)泡-APM填充管表現(xiàn)出較典型的六角變形模式,且后二者褶皺數(shù)目要多于薄壁空管。環(huán)氧膠粘-APM復(fù)合管與環(huán)氧發(fā)泡-APM復(fù)合管提高了壓縮載荷水平,環(huán)氧發(fā)泡-APM復(fù)合管的理想吸能效率約為薄壁空管的188%,可達(dá)環(huán)氧膠粘-APM復(fù)合管的113%。
[Abstract]:The porous foam metal core and the dense shell are combined to form a composite structure by a certain connection, which has the characteristics of light weight, shock resistance, vibration resistance and damping of the foam core, and also has the characteristics of high strength of the dense shell. Thus, foam metal has a broad application prospect in the fields of people's livelihood, national defense, aerospace and so on. At present, there are many preparation methods of aluminum foam composite structure, but most of the preparation process is complex and the die cost is high. Especially for some large and complex components, the existing composite process is difficult to ensure the filling effect and the uniformity of core porosity. Based on the traditional powder metallurgical foaming method powder Compacted foaming (PCF) foam aluminum preparation process, a new composite process is proposed in this paper. That is to say, the foamed Al-Si alloy filler pellets with advanced pore junctions, Advanced Pore Morphology (APM) were prepared through the foaming process, and then the spheres were filled into the hollow mold by using epoxy coating adhesive and epoxy foaming adhesive. A sandwich core composite structure is formed. The basic parameters of the preparation process of composite structure were obtained by experiments, and the foaming and bonding mechanism were analyzed. The mechanical properties of the composite structure obtained by this method were tested and compared with the mechanical properties of the hollow die. The main conclusions are as follows: PCM method is used to prepare foamed aluminum pellets. Foaming temperature, heating speed and type of foaming agent have great influence on the expansion process and pore structure parameters. When the heating speed is 2.6 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1938433