【摘要】：隨著世界經(jīng)濟的高速發(fā)展,人類對能源的需求日益增加。然而化石燃料日益枯竭,尋找新的替代能源已迫在眉睫。作為最理想的替代品,氫能成為各國學者關(guān)注的焦點。而在氫能的應(yīng)用與推廣的過程中,儲氫問題是其關(guān)鍵與難題。本文將通過多物理場仿真軟件COMSOL,利用合金儲氫的偏微分方程組PDEs建立儲氫罐一維與二維有限元模型,并進行仿真分析。隨后通過對合金儲氫放氫過程中的一維模型與二維模型結(jié)果對比分析,探討了維度對收斂性的影響。在文中最后對傳熱傳質(zhì)基本的PDEs的弱形式進行了簡易的推導與驗證,并對合金儲氫罐內(nèi)儲氫過程中的弱形式進行了探討。首先,通過對金屬儲氫基本原理的研究,運用P-C-T曲線對合金儲氫過程中氫氣的相變過程進行詳盡的分析。隨后,通過熱力學三大定律的基本形式,對合金儲氫罐內(nèi)各部分分別進行分析,給出各自的熱力學表達式。進一步地,研究了罐壁與外界換熱的換熱形式與換熱計算方法、罐內(nèi)換熱裝置與熱源的換熱計算方法等。并且對耦合過程進行了描述,為建模打好理論基礎(chǔ)。其次,通過對一維與二維小尺度合金儲氫罐模型的建立,對一維模型與二維模型的仿真結(jié)果進行對比分析。得出在該過程中,溫度場、壓力場以及達西速度場的模擬結(jié)果趨勢基本一致,但是其在儲氫結(jié)束時的狀態(tài)并不一致。經(jīng)過分析這可能與建模過程中,一維相對于二維來說,維度的差別會導致信息的損失,造成儲氫結(jié)束時的狀態(tài)不同。接著,通過對一維模型與二維模型在仿真過程中迭代過程的分析,并對殘差導數(shù)的結(jié)果進行繪圖研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)二維模型在計算的過程中殘差的導數(shù)在短暫收斂后逐漸增大,最終向無窮大趨近;而一維模型則在50s后基本趨于收斂于固定數(shù)值。結(jié)果表明,一維模型在合金儲氫罐的研究中,對參數(shù)適應(yīng)性較好。最后,通過對弱形式的回顧,提出了用弱形式解決合金儲氫的方案。隨后,對基本傳熱問題進行弱形式的推導與分析。運用Comsol分別建立PDE方程的模型與弱形式的模型,對比結(jié)果,兩種模型對比結(jié)果具有99%以上的符合度。進一步地,對儲氫罐內(nèi)PDE方程進行弱形式推導,最后得出弱形式的描述。并且將弱形式寫成Comsol中的形式,這種理論上的探索對未來模型的完善具有一定的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the world economy, the human demand for energy is increasing day by day. However, fossil fuels are drying up day by day, so it is urgent to find new alternative energy sources. As the ideal substitute, hydrogen energy has become the focus of attention of scholars all over the world. In the process of application and popularization of hydrogen energy, hydrogen storage is the key and difficult problem. In this paper, the one-dimensional and two-dimensional finite element models of hydrogen storage tank are established by using the partial differential equation group (PDEs) of alloy hydrogen storage by the multi-physical field simulation software COMSOL, and the simulation analysis is carried out. Then the effect of dimension on convergence is discussed by comparing the results of one-dimensional model and two-dimensional model in hydrogen storage and desorption process of alloy. In the end, the weak form of heat and mass transfer basic PDEs is deduced and verified, and the weak form of hydrogen storage in alloy hydrogen storage tank is discussed. Firstly, by studying the basic principle of metal hydrogen storage, the phase transition process of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage process of alloy is analyzed in detail by using P-C-T curve. Then, through the basic forms of the three laws of thermodynamics, each part of the alloy hydrogen storage tank is analyzed, and their thermodynamic expressions are given. Furthermore, the heat transfer form and calculation method of the heat transfer between the tank wall and the outside world, the heat transfer calculation method of the heat exchanger and the heat source in the tank are studied. The coupling process is described, which lays a theoretical foundation for modeling. Secondly, through the establishment of one-dimensional and two-dimensional small-scale alloy hydrogen storage tank model, the simulation results of one-dimensional model and two-dimensional model are compared and analyzed. It is concluded that the simulation results of temperature field, pressure field and Darcy velocity field are basically consistent in this process, but their states at the end of hydrogen storage are not consistent. It is possible that the difference between one dimension and two dimensions will lead to the loss of information and result in a different state at the end of hydrogen storage. Then, by analyzing the iterative process of the one-dimensional model and the two-dimensional model in the simulation process, and drawing the results of the residual derivative, it is found that the residual derivative of the two-dimensional model increases gradually after the transient convergence. Finally, it approaches infinity, while the one-dimensional model converges to a fixed value after 50s. The results show that the one-dimensional model has good adaptability to the parameters of hydrogen storage tanks. Finally, by reviewing the weak form, a solution to the hydrogen storage of alloys with weak form is proposed. Then, the weak form of the basic heat transfer problem is deduced and analyzed. The model of PDE equation and the model of weak form are established by Comsol, and the comparison results show that the comparison results of the two models have more than 99% coincidence degree. Furthermore, the PDE equation in hydrogen storage tank is deduced in weak form, and the description of weak form is obtained. And the weak form is written as the form in Comsol, this theoretical exploration has certain reference significance for the perfection of the future model.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ116.2;TQ053.2

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 吳選軍;趙鵬;方繼敏;王杰;劉保順;蔡衛(wèi)權(quán);;新型摻雜多孔芳香骨架材料的儲氫性能模擬[J];物理化學學報;2014年11期

2 王光緒;周劍秋;胡淑娟;李乾峰;;高壓儲氫氣瓶的長徑比和進氣口直徑對其快充溫升及溫度分布的影響[J];工程力學;2014年05期

3 鄒少爽;陶占良;陳軍;;氨基絡(luò)合物制備氨硼烷及放氫性能研究[J];化學學報;2011年18期

4 王琳;孫迎新;苗延霖;孫淮;;分子模擬預測含配位鍵不飽和Cu的有機骨架(MOFs)材料的儲氫性能[J];高等學�；瘜W學報;2011年03期

5 夏飛;伍小平;李鴻晶;;基于弱形式求積元的Timoshenko梁彈塑性分析[J];信陽師范學院學報(自然科學版);2010年04期

6 陳柳欽;;新能源汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的政策支持[J];南通大學學報(社會科學版);2010年04期

7 賴文忠;戈芳;李星國;;儲氫材料的新載體——金屬有機框架材料[J];大學化學;2010年03期

8 丁克偉;;擬協(xié)調(diào)有限元與弱形式廣義方程[J];合肥工業(yè)大學學報(自然科學版);2009年12期

9 劉曉鵬;蔣利軍;陳立新;;金屬氫化物儲氫裝置研究[J];中國材料進展;2009年05期

10 徐平;劉鵬飛;劉延雷;鄭津洋;趙永志;陳虹港;別海燕;;高壓儲氫罐不同位置泄漏擴散的數(shù)值模擬研究[J];高校化學工程學報;2008年06期

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前3條

1 崔潔;納米化及過渡族金屬基催化劑包覆對MgH_2儲氫性能的影響[D];華南理工大學;2014年

2 葉鋒;碳基儲氫材料多孔結(jié)構(gòu)中傳輸與吸附的多尺度模擬[D];武漢理工大學;2011年

3 孫泰;用復合和催化方法改善金屬配位氫化物的儲氫性能[D];華南理工大學;2010年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前6條

1 石和;LaMg_(8.52)Ni_(2.23)M_(0.15)(M=Ni,Cu,Cr)多相儲氫合金的相結(jié)構(gòu)和儲氫性能[D];燕山大學;2012年

2 胡曉晨;基于金屬氫化物的兩級氫氣壓縮機特性研究[D];上海交通大學;2012年

3 劉艷;活性炭吸附儲氫過程的熱力學分析與模擬[D];武漢理工大學;2010年

4 許輝庭;加氫站用多功能全多層高壓儲氫容器研究[D];浙江大學;2008年

5 孟劍;碳纖維復合材料高壓儲氫容器力學模型分析與抗疲勞研究[D];浙江大學;2006年

6 付正芳;聚丙烯腈基中空活性炭纖維的制備及儲氫性能的研究[D];東華大學;2005年

，

本文編號：2246543