本文選題：陶瓷纖維 + 實驗電爐　； 參考：《濟南大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：高溫爐爐襯的保溫材料起著隔熱保溫的作用,影響著高溫爐溫度的升降速度、熱效率和爐體各部位的溫差等,因此對保溫材料具有很高的要求。如果整個爐襯材料采用合適的單一纖維層保溫體系可實現(xiàn)好的隔熱保溫效果,但往往價格比較昂貴。因此,利用電爐爐襯從里到外溫度逐漸降低的特點,使用復合纖維層保溫體系既可實現(xiàn)有效保溫,又可降低使用成本,便于推廣。實驗在研究巖棉、硅酸鋁、莫來石及氧化鋁纖維制品的耐溫性能的基礎上,將其作為電爐爐襯多層保溫體系的基本單元,測定并分析不同纖維組合爐襯的保溫效果,以尋求復合保溫體系的最佳組合,為陶瓷纖維在實驗電爐中的實際應用提供參考依據(jù)。針對纖維制品在高溫下易燒結粉化的缺點,通過對纖維制品浸漬或噴覆氧化鋁料漿,提高其抗燒結性。通過DTA、XRD和SEM等測試分析手段研究了纖維加熱前后的晶相及微結構,得出巖棉和含鋯硅酸鋁纖維氈是非晶態(tài)材料。隨著熱處理溫度的增加,伴隨著析晶和晶粒長大,纖維表面由光滑變粗糙,纖維制品收縮增加,部分燒結,導熱系數(shù)增加。其中,巖棉耐溫性最差,熱處理時收縮嚴重,使用溫度低于950℃;含鋯硅酸鋁纖維氈在1350℃熱處理時出現(xiàn)明顯收縮,故使用溫度應低于1350℃。莫來石纖維板和氧化鋁纖維板是晶態(tài)材料,耐溫性良好。高溫熱處理時氧化鋁纖維板收縮很小,晶粒均勻細小,使用溫度高于1550℃;莫來石纖維板則收縮較大,性能次之,使用溫度低于1550℃。根據(jù)對復合保溫體系中的各層界面溫度的測定與分析,并綜合成本因素考慮,可以得出:當爐溫為950℃時,組合一(莫來石纖維板+含鋯硅酸鋁纖維氈+巖棉)是最佳保溫層。當爐溫為1150℃時,組合三(莫來石纖維板+莫來石纖維板+含鋯硅酸鋁纖維氈)是最佳保溫層。當爐溫為1350℃和1550℃時,組合四(莫來石纖維板+莫來石纖維板+莫來石纖維板)是最佳的保溫層組合。當爐溫為950℃、1150℃、1350℃和1550℃時,組合一的熱流密度均最大,組合四的熱流密度均最小。根據(jù)熱工計算預測:當爐溫為1550℃時,莫來石纖維板60mm、含鋯硅酸鋁纖維氈124mm和巖棉53mm可以使保溫層最外側溫度不高于100℃。在陶瓷纖維制品表面上噴涂或浸漬的氧化鋁料漿層,降低了巖棉及莫來石纖維板的燒結收縮和抑制了纖維晶粒長大。巖棉浸漬氧化鋁料漿后導熱系數(shù)變化不大,但最高使用溫度提高到950℃~1000℃。莫來石纖維板涂覆三次氧化鋁料漿后導熱系數(shù)變化不大,最高使用溫度可提高到1500℃~1550℃。利用改性陶瓷纖維制品構成的復合保溫體系(組合二),當爐溫為950℃~1350℃時,涂層可以明顯提高其在使用過程的抗燒結性。
[Abstract]:The heat preservation material of the lining of high temperature furnace plays the role of heat insulation, which affects the rising and falling speed of the temperature of high temperature furnace, the thermal efficiency and the temperature difference of different parts of the furnace body, so it has high requirements for the heat preservation material. If the whole lining material adopts the suitable single fiber layer insulation system, it can achieve good thermal insulation effect, but it is often more expensive. Therefore, the use of composite fiber layer insulation system can not only achieve effective insulation, but also reduce the cost of use, and is easy to be popularized by making use of the characteristics of furnace lining decreasing gradually from the inside to outside temperature. On the basis of studying the thermal resistance of rock wool, aluminum silicate, mullite and alumina fiber products, the experiment took them as the basic unit of multi-layer insulation system of electric furnace lining, and determined and analyzed the insulation effect of different fiber combination lining. In order to find the best combination of composite insulation system, the reference for the practical application of ceramic fiber in experimental electric furnace is provided. In view of the disadvantage that fiber products are easy to be sintered and powdered at high temperature, the sintering resistance of fiber products is improved by impregnating or coating with alumina slurry. The crystalline phase and microstructure of the fibers before and after heating were studied by means of DTA-XRD and SEM. The results show that rock wool and aluminum silicate fiber felts containing zirconium are amorphous materials. With the increase of heat treatment temperature, along with crystallization and grain growth, the surface of the fiber changes from smooth to rough, the shrinkage of fiber products increases, partial sintering and thermal conductivity increase. Among them, the rock wool has the worst temperature resistance, the shrinkage is serious during heat treatment, the use temperature is lower than 950 鈩，

本文編號：1901544