本文選題：生土建筑 + 秸稈生土磚　； 參考：《蘭州理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國近些年來生活水平的快速提升,生土建筑因建筑形式古老、耐久性、抗壓強度和抗震能力差等因素,出現(xiàn)了發(fā)展非常緩慢的頹勢。然而在世界范圍內(nèi)刮起了一場節(jié)約資源能源的風暴,可持續(xù)發(fā)展的理念很快得到世界各國的重視。每年世界的能源、資源消耗很大一部分投入到新建筑的建設中,我國建筑行業(yè)消耗的能源、資源數(shù)量尤為龐大,資源和能源的浪費尤為嚴重,加上全球范圍內(nèi)的環(huán)境和能源危機讓我們意識到節(jié)約能源資源消耗是當代社會發(fā)展的重中之重,可持續(xù)發(fā)展理念得到了各行各業(yè)的一致贊同。因此,我國重視節(jié)能建筑的發(fā)展,鼓勵節(jié)能建筑發(fā)展的政策悄然展開,生土建筑又進入人們的視線中,生土建筑具有資源消耗低、節(jié)能效率高、建筑施工簡單、環(huán)境友好等優(yōu)點。本文采用對生土材料進行改性的方法來達到生土建筑所需要的基本強度要求,在此基礎上,尋找熱學性能比較理想的生土材料。改性生土材料始終遵循無污染、易分解的原則,依此原則將農(nóng)村中常有的“廢棄物”麥秸稈充分利用起來,提高生土材料的熱學性能和強度水平。秸稈以一定比例摻入到生土材料中制成秸稈生土磚試塊,以已有的相關(guān)文獻為理論基礎,以實驗研究作為主要手段進行本課題研究。秸稈生土磚的導熱系數(shù)是貫穿和連接本文內(nèi)容的重要牽引線。文中首先對秸稈和生土兩種材料的優(yōu)勢和特性作了敘述,然后對常用材料的導熱系數(shù)測定方法和原理進行了分析研究,并結(jié)合秸稈生土磚試塊的材料特性,運用并改良了瞬態(tài)法中的熱線法,以瞬態(tài)熱帶法來對多種密度情形下秸稈生土磚試塊的導熱系數(shù)進行測定與分析,得出其導熱系數(shù)隨密度變化的規(guī)律。最后對實驗數(shù)據(jù)進行分析整理,借鑒電路中求電阻值的原理,對密度影響下秸稈生土磚的導熱系數(shù)計算模型進行了推導,方便了秸稈生土磚在實際工程中的應用。本文在秸稈生土磚導熱系數(shù)的研究基礎上,對衡量秸稈生土材料節(jié)能性能的三個重要指標:比熱容、熱阻和蓄熱系數(shù)進行了數(shù)學計算,得出秸稈生土磚這三種指標隨著密度變化的規(guī)律。并以實心粘土磚為對象與秸稈生土磚在比熱容、熱阻和蓄熱系數(shù)這三個方面的熱學性能體現(xiàn)作了比較,得出秸稈生土磚是一種熱工性能非常好的建筑材料,具有很好的發(fā)展前景。
[Abstract]:With the rapid improvement of living standards in recent years, the development of raw soil buildings is very slow due to the ancient construction form, durability, compressive strength and seismic resistance. However, there is a storm of saving resources and energy in the world, and the concept of sustainable development has been attached great importance to all over the world. Every year, a large part of the energy consumption in the world is devoted to the construction of new buildings. The amount of energy consumed by the construction industry in our country is especially large, and the waste of resources and energy is particularly serious. In addition, the global environmental and energy crisis makes us realize that saving energy and resource consumption is the most important of the contemporary social development, and the concept of sustainable development has been unanimously agreed by various industries. Therefore, our country attaches great importance to the development of energy-saving buildings, encouraging the development of energy-saving buildings quietly launched, raw soil buildings into the eyes of people, raw land buildings have low resource consumption, high efficiency of energy conservation, simple construction, Environmental friendliness, etc. In this paper, the method of modifying raw soil material is adopted to meet the basic strength requirement of raw soil building, and on this basis, to find the raw soil material with better thermal properties. The modified raw soil materials always follow the principle of no pollution and easy to decompose. According to this principle, the common "waste" wheat straw in rural areas is fully utilized to improve the thermal properties and strength level of raw soil materials. Straw was mixed into raw soil material to make straw raw soil brick test block. Based on the existing relevant literature, the experimental research was used as the main means to carry out the research. The thermal conductivity of straw brick is an important traction line running through and connecting the content of this paper. In this paper, the advantages and characteristics of straw and raw soil are described, then the measuring method and principle of thermal conductivity of common materials are analyzed and studied, and the material characteristics of straw raw soil brick are combined. The thermal conductivity of straw bricks with various densities was measured and analyzed by using the transient hot wire method and the transient tropical method was used to obtain the law of the variation of thermal conductivity with the density. Finally, the experimental data are analyzed and sorted, and the calculation model of thermal conductivity of straw soil brick under the influence of density is deduced, which is convenient for the application of straw soil brick in practical engineering. On the basis of the research on the thermal conductivity of straw raw soil brick, three important indexes to measure the energy saving performance of straw raw soil material, namely specific heat capacity, thermal resistance and heat storage coefficient, were calculated. The changes of the three indexes with density were obtained. The solid clay brick is compared with straw soil brick in specific heat capacity, thermal resistance and heat storage coefficient. It is concluded that straw soil brick is a kind of building material with good thermal performance. It has good prospects for development.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TU522.1

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