本文選題：鐵尾礦 + 多孔陶瓷��； 參考：《北京交通大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著工業(yè)和社會的發(fā)展,資源節(jié)約與環(huán)境保護是當今人類社會所面臨的兩大難題。據(jù)統(tǒng)計,截止到2014年底,我國堆存的各類礦山尾礦為146億噸。目前,多孔陶瓷作為一種新型的過濾材料,已經(jīng)在很多方面得到了廣泛的應用。以尾礦為原料制備多孔陶瓷,能夠?qū)⑽廴经h(huán)境的工業(yè)固體廢棄物轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楣?jié)能環(huán)保的工業(yè)新產(chǎn)品,對于我國的環(huán)境保護事業(yè)具有十分重要的意義。本文以北京密云地區(qū)首云礦業(yè)集團公司2015年鐵礦石開采產(chǎn)生的泥狀細顆粒鐵尾礦為主要原料,采用攪拌發(fā)泡-凝膠注模成形、常壓燒結(jié)工藝制備鐵尾礦多孔陶瓷。結(jié)合XRD分析、SEM微觀分析以及多孔陶瓷物理性能與力學性能測試,研究了料漿固相含量、燒結(jié)溫度和保溫時間等因素對材料結(jié)構(gòu)和性能的影響。并對鐵尾礦多孔陶瓷的粉塵過濾效果進行了測試,取得了良好的實驗結(jié)果。論文取得以下主要研究成果:(1)在1100°C保溫3h的燒結(jié)條件下,隨著成形工藝中鐵尾礦料漿固相含量的增加,多孔陶瓷的線收縮率降低、顯氣孔率下降、孔徑變小,體積密度和抗壓強度增大、孔壁變厚。綜合考慮鐵尾礦多孔陶瓷的孔隙率和強度,成形時鐵尾礦料漿的最佳固相含量為45wt.%,所制備多孔陶瓷的體積密度、顯氣孔率和抗壓強度分別為 0.42g/cm3、83%、1.45MPa。(2)在料漿固相含量為45wt.%,燒結(jié)保溫3h的條件下,研究了 1070～1120°C溫度區(qū)間內(nèi)燒結(jié)溫度對多孔陶瓷結(jié)構(gòu)和性能的影響。綜合分析表明,在1100℃保溫3h制備出的鐵尾礦多孔陶瓷性能最佳。(3)在料漿固相含量為45wt.%,燒結(jié)溫度為1090°C的條件下,研究了 3～11h區(qū)間內(nèi)保溫時間對多孔陶瓷結(jié)構(gòu)和性能的影響。結(jié)果表明,隨著保溫時間的延長,燒結(jié)制品的線收縮率、體積密度和抗壓強度均呈上升趨勢,而吸水率和顯氣孔率則呈下降趨勢。微觀分析發(fā)現(xiàn),隨保溫時間延長,多孔陶瓷內(nèi)部的玻璃相含量逐漸增多。綜合分析表明,1090°C保溫7h制備的多孔陶瓷樣品性能最優(yōu),其體積密度、顯氣孔率和抗壓強度分別為0.43g/cm3、84%、1.42MPa。(4)采用氣孔率為81.8%的多孔陶瓷進行了抗熱震及耐酸堿腐蝕性測試,結(jié)果表明在900°C～室溫的熱震試驗中,多孔陶瓷的平均抗熱震次數(shù)為50次,熱震30次后強度損失率約為50%。經(jīng)酸、堿溶液微沸狀態(tài)下浸泡腐蝕1h之后,多孔陶瓷的重量損失率分別為3.45%和2.11%。(5)采用氣孔率分別為80.8%和84.9%的兩種多孔陶瓷進行了粉塵過濾測試,結(jié)果表明在1m/min的風速下,兩種多孔陶瓷的過濾阻力分別為174.39Pa和169.49Pa,粉塵過濾效率均高達99%。本文研究結(jié)果表明,采用細顆粒鐵尾礦制備多孔陶瓷材料工藝簡單,成本低廉,可規(guī)模化生產(chǎn),所制備多孔陶瓷滿足工業(yè)廢氣除塵的要求,在該領域具有廣闊的應用前景。
[Abstract]:With the development of industry and society, resource conservation and environmental protection are two major problems facing human society.Statistics show that by the end of 2014, 14.6 billion tons of mine tailings have been deposited in China.At present, porous ceramics, as a new filter material, have been widely used in many fields.The preparation of porous ceramics using tailings as raw material can transform the industrial solid waste which pollutes the environment into a new industrial product of energy saving and environmental protection which is of great significance to the environmental protection of our country.In this paper, iron tailings porous ceramics were prepared by agitation foaming and gel injection molding and sintering under atmospheric pressure using the mud-shaped fine grained iron tailings produced by iron ore mining in Beijing Miyun Mining Group Company in 2015.The effects of solid content of slurry, sintering temperature and holding time on the structure and properties of porous ceramics were studied by means of XRD microanalysis and physical and mechanical properties test.The dust filtration effect of iron tailings porous ceramics was tested and good experimental results were obtained.The main research results are as follows: (1) under the condition of sintering at 1100 擄C for 3 h, with the increase of solid content of iron tailings slurry, the linear shrinkage, apparent porosity and pore size of porous ceramics decrease.The volume density and compressive strength increase and the hole wall becomes thicker.Considering the porosity and strength of iron tailings porous ceramics, the optimum solid content of iron tailings slurry is 45wt. and the bulk density of the porous ceramics is obtained.The effect of sintering temperature on the structure and properties of porous ceramics in the temperature range of 10701120 擄C was studied under the condition that the apparent porosity and compressive strength were 0.42g / cm ~ 3 / 83and 1.45MPa. / m ~ (2) respectively. Under the condition that the solid content of slurry was 45wt. and the sintering time was 3h, the effect of sintering temperature on the structure and properties of porous ceramics was studied.The comprehensive analysis shows that the optimum properties of iron tailings porous ceramics prepared at 1100 鈩，

本文編號：1761743