本文選題：氨合成塔　切入點(diǎn)：有限元法　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：氨合成塔是合成氨的核心設(shè)備,通常采用裙座支撐方式,然而支撐區(qū)由于溫度梯度大,局部應(yīng)力過(guò)大,時(shí)常導(dǎo)致支座結(jié)構(gòu)的破壞。在中小型塔器中,支承式支座結(jié)構(gòu)逐漸取代了裙座結(jié)構(gòu)。本文以DN 1000氨合成塔為例,利用大型有限元分析軟件ANSYS對(duì)該氨合成塔支承式結(jié)構(gòu)及裙座支撐區(qū)進(jìn)行分析,具體內(nèi)容如下:首先,對(duì)氨合成塔支撐底架進(jìn)行應(yīng)力分析,由于結(jié)構(gòu)不合理,于是對(duì)底架提出三種改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu),分別進(jìn)行應(yīng)力分析,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)使得底架滿足強(qiáng)度及剛度要求。同時(shí)對(duì)槽鋼結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),并對(duì)優(yōu)化前后的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。其次,對(duì)氨合成塔支承式結(jié)構(gòu)和裙座結(jié)構(gòu)支撐區(qū)分別進(jìn)行機(jī)械應(yīng)力分析、熱應(yīng)力分析、機(jī)械應(yīng)力與熱應(yīng)力綜合分析以及應(yīng)力評(píng)定,并且采用“結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化法”對(duì)二種支撐區(qū)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),并對(duì)優(yōu)化前后結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。最后,對(duì)氨合成塔下封頭組件及底架整體進(jìn)行應(yīng)力分析和應(yīng)力評(píng)定,并且以支撐板底端離下封頭端部的距離H為設(shè)計(jì)變量對(duì)支承式支座支撐區(qū)支撐位置進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),并對(duì)優(yōu)化前后結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。本文利用ANSYS對(duì)氨合成塔支座支撐區(qū)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行應(yīng)力分析,驗(yàn)證支承式支座結(jié)構(gòu)的可靠性及優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的可行性,并對(duì)此種支座結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)具有理論參考和指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Ammonia converter is the core equipment of ammonia synthesis, which is usually supported by pedestal. However, because of the large temperature gradient and excessive local stress in the support area, it often leads to the destruction of the supporting structure. The supporting pedestal structure has gradually replaced the skirt pedestal structure. In this paper, the supporting structure and pedestal support area of the ammonia synthesis tower are analyzed by using the large-scale finite element analysis software ANSYS. The main contents are as follows: first of all, The stress analysis of the support underframe of ammonia converter is carried out. Because of the unreasonable structure, three kinds of improved structure are put forward to analyze the stress of the underframe, and on this basis, Through further improvement of the structure, the underframe meets the requirements of strength and stiffness. At the same time, the channel steel structure is optimized, and the structure before and after the optimization is compared and analyzed. Secondly, Mechanical stress analysis, thermal stress analysis, comprehensive analysis of mechanical stress and thermal stress, and stress evaluation of supporting structure of ammonia converter and pedestal structure are carried out. The structure optimization method is used to optimize the structure of two kinds of bracing area, and the structure before and after the optimization is compared and analyzed. Finally, the stress analysis and stress assessment of the head assembly and the underframe of the ammonia synthesis tower are carried out. Taking the distance between the bottom end of the supporting plate and the end of the lower head as the design variable, the supporting position of the support region of the supporting support is optimized. In this paper, the stress analysis of the support region structure of ammonia converter is carried out by using ANSYS to verify the reliability of the supporting support structure and the feasibility of optimal design. And it has theoretical reference and guiding significance for the design of this kind of bearing structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ113.252

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本文編號(hào)：1616337