發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-11 09:27

  本文選題：產(chǎn)電微生物　切入點(diǎn)：直流電壓　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：微生物燃料電池(MFC)是利用微生物催化劑將其代謝能直接轉(zhuǎn)化為電能的裝置,在生物質(zhì)能和環(huán)境保護(hù)領(lǐng)域展現(xiàn)了巨大的前景。本研究設(shè)計(jì)了間歇流和連續(xù)流兩種MFC裝置,陽極材料為碳棒,陰極材料使用碳紙。菌種來源為徐州某酒廠厭氧工藝剩余污泥,間歇流接種量約為300m L,連續(xù)流接種量約為1000m L。先在間歇流的條件下,施加不同直流電壓對(duì)污泥進(jìn)行電誘導(dǎo)馴化,使用乙酸鈉為碳源,濃度為1000mg/L。培養(yǎng)7天后,進(jìn)入產(chǎn)電階段,從中選出產(chǎn)電效果最佳的外加直流電壓值。然后在連續(xù)流的條件下,分別使用厭氧泥直接啟動(dòng)MFC,以及將厭氧泥用間歇流實(shí)驗(yàn)選出的最佳電壓進(jìn)行電誘導(dǎo)馴化后的在啟動(dòng)。在間歇流運(yùn)行中,外加±1.5V直流電壓的環(huán)境中,系統(tǒng)輸出電壓極其微弱,說明較高的外加電壓刺激對(duì)產(chǎn)電微生物的生長(zhǎng)有抑制作用。負(fù)電壓培養(yǎng)各組產(chǎn)電效果遠(yuǎn)不如正電壓馴化效果理想,說明與產(chǎn)電時(shí)電子傳遞方向相反的直流電誘導(dǎo)可能會(huì)阻礙產(chǎn)電時(shí)電子的轉(zhuǎn)移,造成電壓損失。而1.0V的直流電壓是最佳電壓,相比于0.5V的電刺激,電誘導(dǎo)效果更為明顯,產(chǎn)電性能更加優(yōu)越,這說明在微生物能夠承受的低強(qiáng)度電壓刺激范圍內(nèi),電刺激強(qiáng)度越大,越有利于產(chǎn)電微生物的生長(zhǎng)以及其細(xì)胞活性的提高。在連續(xù)流運(yùn)行中,首先用最佳電壓對(duì)厭氧泥進(jìn)行電誘導(dǎo)馴化,這期間每天定時(shí)進(jìn)行短暫產(chǎn)電測(cè)試約1.5h,發(fā)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)電菌每天產(chǎn)電能力在逐步上升,在第10天達(dá)到最大值1.82V,超過了電源的額定電壓。這說明最佳電壓的刺激下,產(chǎn)電菌的能力得到了提高。兩種培養(yǎng)方式進(jìn)行啟動(dòng),直接啟動(dòng)的MFC的穩(wěn)定值是241m V,啟動(dòng)用時(shí)25天,而1.0V直流電馴化的MFC的穩(wěn)定值為258m V,比前者搞約7%,啟動(dòng)成功時(shí)間為17天,比前者減少了32%。產(chǎn)電穩(wěn)定后,改變電阻值,得到相應(yīng)的電壓,作極化曲線和功率密度曲線,估算未加電培養(yǎng)和加電MFC的內(nèi)阻分別為580.7Ω和636.7Ω,以及486.1Ω和557.8Ω。最大功率密度為20.92m W/m和24.452m W/m。分別考察不同有機(jī)物濃度和水力停留時(shí)間下,電誘導(dǎo)馴化對(duì)微生物產(chǎn)電性能的影響,發(fā)現(xiàn)較低的有機(jī)物濃度范圍內(nèi),有機(jī)物濃度越大,電壓輸出越高。HRT小于4h時(shí),MFC系統(tǒng)中較短的水利停時(shí)間更有利于產(chǎn)電菌的生長(zhǎng)。本研究確認(rèn)電誘導(dǎo)馴化微生物能夠提高其產(chǎn)電性能,找出了電誘導(dǎo)馴化微生物的最適電壓,并考察了電馴化后產(chǎn)電菌的有利的運(yùn)行環(huán)境。為電誘導(dǎo)馴化后產(chǎn)電菌的實(shí)際應(yīng)用提供了參考。
[Abstract]:Microbial fuel cell (MFCs) is a device that converts metabolizable energy directly into electric energy by using microbial catalyst, which shows great prospect in the field of biomass energy and environmental protection. Two kinds of MFC devices, intermittent flow and continuous flow, have been designed in this paper. The anodic material is carbon rod, and the cathode material is carbon paper. The source of bacteria is excess sludge of anaerobic process in Xuzhou distillery, the inoculation amount of intermittent flow is about 300ml, and the amount of continuous flow inoculation is about 1000mL.Firstly, under the condition of intermittent flow, The sludge was acclimated by electric induction with different DC voltages. Sodium acetate was used as carbon source and the concentration was 1000 mg / L. After 7 days of culture, the sludge was cultured for 7 days, and the best applied DC voltage was selected. Then under the condition of continuous flow, The MFC is started directly by anaerobic sludge, and the optimum voltage selected by intermittent flow experiment is used to acclimate the sludge. The output voltage of the system is very weak in the environment of 鹵1.5 V DC voltage added to the intermittent flow. The results showed that high applied voltage stimulation could inhibit the growth of electric-producing microorganism, and the effect of negative voltage culture was not as good as that of positive voltage acclimation. The results show that direct current induction, which is opposite to the direction of electron transfer during generation, may hinder the transfer of electrons and cause voltage loss, and the DC voltage of 1.0 V is the best voltage, which is more obvious than that of 0.5 V electric stimulation. The higher the electric stimulation intensity, the more favorable the growth of the electroproducing microorganism and the higher the cell activity in the continuous current operation, the higher the electric stimulation intensity is, the better the electrical production performance is. At first, the anaerobic sludge was acclimated by electrical induction with the best voltage. During this period, a brief test of electricity production was carried out for about 1.5 hours every day, and it was found that the electricity production capacity of the electricity-producing bacteria was increasing step by step. On the 10th day, the maximum value of 1.82V was reached, which exceeded the rated voltage of the power supply. This indicated that the ability of the electric-producing bacteria was improved under the stimulation of the optimum voltage. The stable value of the directly started MFC was 241m V, and the start-up time was 25 days. The stable value of the 1.0V DC domesticated MFC is 258mV, which is about 7 times longer than the former, and the start-up success time is 17 days, which is 32 times less than the former. After the electricity is stabilized, the resistance value is changed, the corresponding voltage is obtained, the polarization curve and the power density curve are obtained. The internal resistance of uncharged and uncharged MFC were estimated to be 580.7 惟 and 636.7 惟, and 486.1 惟 and 557.8 惟, respectively. The maximum power density was 20.92m W / m and 24.452 W / m respectively. The effects of electrical induction and acclimation on the electrical properties of microorganisms were investigated under different organic concentrations and HRT, respectively. It was found that in the range of lower concentration of organic matter, the higher the concentration of organic matter, When the voltage output is higher. HRT is less than 4 h, the shorter water conservancy stop time in MFC system is more favorable to the growth of electroproducing bacteria. This study confirmed that the electroinduction acclimation microorganism can improve its electrical production performance, and found out the optimum voltage of electroinduction acclimated microorganism. The favorable operating environment of electro-producing bacteria after electric acclimation was also investigated, which provided a reference for the practical application of electro-producing bacteria after electric induction and acclimation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM911.45

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本文編號(hào)：1597564