發(fā)布時間：2018-02-02 09:43

  本文關鍵詞： 燃料電池 聚合物電解質(zhì)膜 電導率 功率密度　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：燃料電池是一種將氫能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能的發(fā)電裝置。其憑借自身環(huán)保、可持續(xù)和高效的特點成為下一代清潔能源的有力候選者,近年來燃料電池的發(fā)展引起了全世界的關注。聚合物電解質(zhì)膜燃料電池(PEMFC)是燃料電池的一種,而聚合物電解質(zhì)是PEMFC的核心組件,本文以聚苯并咪唑(PBI)和季銨化聚芳醚砜為基體材料,通過使用二維無機材料氧化石墨和Mxene對基體材料進行摻雜,達到改善膜性能的目的。本文成功制備得到氧化石墨單體,隨后通過流延法制備得到PBI/GO/PBI三層復合質(zhì)子交換膜。使用X射線衍射技術、場發(fā)射掃描電鏡和紅外光譜技術對氧化石墨單體和該膜的結(jié)構進行了表征,并研究了該膜的各項物理和化學性能。結(jié)果表明:150℃下,PBI/GO/PBI復合膜的機械強度大約是純PBI膜的兩倍,說明該膜的機械穩(wěn)定性能有較大幅度提高,PBI/GO/PBI三層復合質(zhì)子交換膜的最大拉伸斷裂長度小于純PBI膜。PBI/GO/PBI復合膜的質(zhì)子電導率最大值和功率密度最大值分別為0.0138Scm~(-1)和213mWcm~(-2),該數(shù)值比純PBI膜的數(shù)據(jù)有所提升,說明該膜有著良好的電化學性能。本文使用氫氟酸刻蝕原料MAX,其中以TiAlC_(X-1)為代表,制備得到表面攜帶有大量功能官能團的二維陶瓷材料Mxene。隨后通過使用流延法制備得到PBI/Mxene復合膜,通過使用X射線衍技術、X射線能譜、場發(fā)射掃描電鏡和紅外光譜技術對Mxene單體和PBI/Mxene復合膜的結(jié)構進行了表征。結(jié)果表明:150℃下,PBI/Mxene復合膜的機械強度與純PBI膜相比提升接近1.5倍,說明通過摻雜Mxene改性后的復合膜機械性穩(wěn)定性能得到加強。PBI/Mxene的質(zhì)子電導率和功率密度與純PBI膜相比同樣得到提高,說明該膜有著較好的電化學性能。傳統(tǒng)聚合物電解質(zhì)膜燃料電池通常對貴重金屬催化劑有著嚴重的依賴性,為降低聚合物電解質(zhì)膜燃料電池的高昂成本,近年來堿性陰離子交換膜燃料電池的研究成為了學術界的熱點。本文最后以聚芳醚砜為原料,通過依次對其進行氯甲基化反應和季銨化反應制備得到了季銨化聚芳醚砜單體。隨后通過對其摻雜Mxene制備得到了QPSU/Mxene陰離子交換膜,通過使用超導核磁共振技術和場發(fā)射掃描電鏡對其結(jié)構進行了表征,并研究了該膜的各項物理和化學性能。結(jié)果表QPSU單體的氯甲基化率(DC)為1.17,QPSU/Mxene復合膜在堿性環(huán)境下的離子電導率達到53 mS/cm~(-1),比純QPSU的數(shù)值有所提升。
[Abstract]:Fuel cell is a kind of power plant that converts hydrogen energy into electric energy. It is a strong candidate for the next generation clean energy by its own environmental, sustainable and efficient characteristics. In recent years, the development of fuel cell has attracted worldwide attention. Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is a kind of fuel cell, and polymer electrolyte is the core component of PEMFC. In this paper, polybenzimidazole (PBI) and quaternary ammonium polyethersulfone (PES) were used as matrix materials. The matrix materials were doped with graphite oxide and Mxene, two dimensional inorganic materials. In order to improve the performance of the membrane, graphite oxide monomer was successfully prepared, and PBI/GO/PBI three-layer composite proton exchange membrane was prepared by casting method. X-ray diffraction technique was used. The structure of graphite oxide monomer and the film were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The physical and chemical properties of the film were studied. The results showed that the structure of the film was at 1: 150 鈩，

本文編號：1484215