【摘要】：聚電解質(zhì)是一類(lèi)重要的有應(yīng)用前景的功能性高分子聚合物,它在離子交換,滲透、催化以及藥物緩釋、環(huán)保領(lǐng)域有著廣泛而特殊的應(yīng)用,因此,聚電解質(zhì)分子的相互作用機(jī)理以及其應(yīng)用成為人們研究的熱點(diǎn)。研究聚電解質(zhì)的界面現(xiàn)象以及機(jī)理對(duì)于促進(jìn)聚電解質(zhì)的應(yīng)用非常重要,傳統(tǒng)的界面檢測(cè)技術(shù)均有種種缺點(diǎn),而新型的和頻振動(dòng)光譜(SFG)技術(shù)具有高靈敏度,原位無(wú)損檢測(cè)的優(yōu)點(diǎn),這對(duì)于聚電解質(zhì)的界面檢測(cè)具有重要意義。P4VP是一種典型的聚堿類(lèi)聚電解質(zhì),PAA是一種典型的聚酸類(lèi)聚電解質(zhì),研究?jī)烧叩南嗷プ饔脵C(jī)理以及作用過(guò)程中界面的分子結(jié)構(gòu)是一個(gè)有趣而又有意義的課題。先前對(duì)此的研究只是利用紅外以及核磁共振的手段進(jìn)行的,然而這存在一個(gè)不可避免的缺點(diǎn),即無(wú)法排除本體的信號(hào),不能再原位無(wú)損地檢測(cè)具體反應(yīng)過(guò)程中官能團(tuán)的變化,因而所得到的結(jié)果是不夠準(zhǔn)確的。和頻振動(dòng)光譜(SFG)技術(shù)作為一種有效的分析檢測(cè)手段在高分子材料乃至生物醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域具有重要的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。我們通過(guò)分別對(duì)比聚電解質(zhì)P4VP在不同化學(xué)環(huán)境(水、PAA溶液、HCl溶液)下,不同偏振模式(SSP,PPP)下,不同頻率范圍(1500-1800cm-1,2900-3600cm-1)的和頻振動(dòng)光譜結(jié)果,結(jié)合相關(guān)的研究資料,研究了不同條件下聚電解質(zhì)P4VP的吡啶環(huán)以及質(zhì)子化作用產(chǎn)生的官能團(tuán),水分子氫鍵,羧基的取向變化,進(jìn)一步分析了聚電解質(zhì)P4VP與PAA在表界面相互作用的機(jī)理,這對(duì)于以后聚電解質(zhì)的反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)研究乃至相關(guān)的應(yīng)用設(shè)計(jì)具有重要的意義。除了聚電解質(zhì)反應(yīng)的表界面檢測(cè),我們還對(duì)聚多巴胺這種聚電解質(zhì)進(jìn)行了應(yīng)用復(fù)合材料設(shè)計(jì)及吸附性能檢測(cè)。多巴胺是一種高吸附性安全環(huán)保廉價(jià)的材料,聚多巴胺也同樣具有很好的吸附性、安全性和結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定性,為了使多巴胺在處理廢水中的銅離子領(lǐng)域有更好的應(yīng)用,我們研究了了聚多巴胺石墨烯的聚合物復(fù)合體系,使用模板法結(jié)合化學(xué)還原的方法快速高效的制備了三維多孔材料。并且通過(guò)對(duì)比分析聚多巴胺囊泡吸附銅離子、石墨烯吸附銅離子、聚多巴胺石墨烯復(fù)合材料吸附銅離子的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,發(fā)現(xiàn)了新制造的聚多巴胺石墨烯復(fù)合材料具有較好的吸附銅離子效果,解吸附實(shí)驗(yàn)表明制備的石墨烯材料具有一定的可再吸附能力,盡管不如單純的石墨烯材料。本文為制備高吸附性的多巴胺石墨烯材料提供了一種較為快速高效的方法,為石墨烯基復(fù)合材料應(yīng)用于污水處理領(lǐng)域的研究提供了一些參考。
[Abstract]:Polyelectrolyte is a kind of important functional polymer with potential application. It has a wide range of special applications in ion exchange, penetration, catalysis, drug release and environmental protection. The interaction mechanism of polyelectrolyte molecules and its application have become the focus of research. It is very important to study the interface phenomenon and mechanism of polyelectrolyte in order to promote the application of polyelectrolyte. The traditional interface detection technique has all kinds of shortcomings, while the new (SFG) technique with sum frequency vibration spectrum has high sensitivity. P4VP is a typical polyelectrolyte and PAA is a typical polyelectrolyte. It is an interesting and meaningful subject to study the mechanism of the interaction and the molecular structure of the interface in the process of interaction. Previous studies have only been carried out by means of infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). However, there is an inevitable disadvantage that it is impossible to eliminate the signals of the body and to detect the changes of functional groups in the specific reaction process in situ and non-destructive. As a result, the results are not accurate enough. As an effective analytical method, the (SFG) technique has important application value in the field of macromolecule materials and even biomedicine. We compared the sum-frequency vibrational spectra of polyelectrolyte P4VP in different chemical environments (water, PAA solution, HCl solution), in different polarization modes (SSP,PPP) and in different frequency ranges (1500 脳 1800 cm / 1, 2900 脳 3600 cm / 1), respectively, under different chemical environments (water, PAA solution, HCl solution), and in different polarization modes (SSP,PPP). The pyridine ring of polyelectrolyte P4VP and the change of orientation of functional group, hydrogen bond of water molecule and carboxyl group produced by protonation under different conditions were studied. The mechanism of the interaction between polyelectrolyte P4VP and PAA on the surface interface is further analyzed, which is of great significance to the study of the reaction kinetics of polyelectrolyte and the design of its application in the future. In addition to the surface interface detection of polyelectrolyte reaction, we have also designed and tested the adsorption performance of the polyelectrolyte, which is a polyelectrolyte based on polyelectrolyte, by using the composite material. Dopamine is a kind of high adsorptive safety, environmental protection cheap material, polydopamine also has very good adsorptive property, safety and structural stability, in order to make dopamine have better application in the copper ion field of wastewater treatment. The polymer composite system of poly (dopamine graphene) was studied. Three-dimensional porous materials were prepared rapidly and efficiently by template method combined with chemical reduction method. The experimental results of adsorption of copper ions by polydopamine vesicles, copper ions adsorbed by graphene, and copper ions adsorbed by polydopamine graphene composites were compared and analyzed. It is found that the newly fabricated polydopamine graphene composites have a good effect on the adsorption of copper ions, and the desorption experiments show that the prepared graphene materials have certain readsorbability, although they are not as good as those of pure graphene materials. This paper provides a rapid and efficient method for the preparation of highly adsorptive dopamine graphene materials and provides some references for the application of graphene matrix composites in the field of wastewater treatment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：O631;TB332

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