發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-09 17:57

【摘要】：蓖麻油酸甲酯分子中活性官能團(tuán)較為豐富,含有雙鍵、酯基和羥基,酯基和羥基同時(shí)加成一定數(shù)量的環(huán)氧乙烷(EO)生成蓖麻油酸甲脂乙氧基化物(CAMEE),CAMEE中的雙鍵通過(guò)亞硫酸氫鈉加成可以得到蓖麻油酸甲酯乙氧基化物磺酸鹽(CAMES),而CAMEE在強(qiáng)堿的條件下水解可以得到異構(gòu)的AEC—蓖麻油酸鈉支鏈聚氧乙烯醚(CAMEC),本論文主要制備了不同平均EO加合數(shù)的CAMES和CAMEC,并對(duì)其構(gòu)效關(guān)系進(jìn)行研究。具體內(nèi)容包括四個(gè)部分:(1)CAMES的制備和鑒定。以精制蓖麻油為原料通過(guò)酯交換制備蓖麻油酸甲酯,蓖麻油酸甲酯乙氧基化制備一系列不同平均EO加合數(shù)的CAMEE,CAMEE和亞硫酸氫鈉反應(yīng)生成CAMES。首先鑒定CAMEE的分子結(jié)構(gòu),然后對(duì)CAMES的制備工藝進(jìn)行探索并得到最佳的反應(yīng)條件,用兩相萃取法提純CAMES。最終采取紅外和核磁等手段對(duì)CAMES分子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行鑒定。(2)CAMEE和CAMES的性能研究。研究了不同平均EO加合數(shù)的CAMEE和CAMES的表面性能和應(yīng)用性能,結(jié)果表明:CAMES是一種低泡、乳化能力強(qiáng)、表面活性好的新型磺酸鹽表面活性劑。當(dāng)平均EiO加合數(shù)相同時(shí),CAMES的Ycmc比CAMEE低,而且潤(rùn)濕性、發(fā)泡能力、泡沫穩(wěn)定性、去污能力和表觀耐堿性都有所增強(qiáng)。(3)CAMEC是一種異構(gòu)的AEC, EO鏈位于疏水鏈的支鏈位置。分別制備了理論平均EO加合數(shù)為2, 4, 6的CAMEC,確定其分子結(jié)構(gòu),并研究了它們基本的物化性能。結(jié)果表明:CAMEC是一種新型的無(wú)泡陰離子表面活性劑,有著較低的cmc但是γcmc較大,而且它的潤(rùn)濕性能隨著支鏈平均EO加合數(shù)的增加而減弱。(4)以CAMEC4為例研究了 CAMEC在水溶液中的聚集行為。結(jié)果表明:隨著濃度的升高,CAMEC4可以在水溶液中自發(fā)形成囊泡,囊泡的尺寸隨著濃度的繼續(xù)升高而減小,但是囊泡的穩(wěn)定性卻變差,形成囊泡的原因可能是分子間氫鍵的作用。
[Abstract]:Methyl castor oil is rich in active functional groups and contains double bonds, ester and hydroxyl groups are added to a certain number of ethylene oxide (EO) to form (CAMEE), a methylidene ethoxylation compound of castor oleic acid. The double bond in CAMEE can be added by sodium bisulfite to obtain the ethoxylated (CAMES), of castor oleic acid methyl ester, while the CAMEE can hydrolyze under the condition of strong base to obtain the isomerized AEC- sodium ricinoleate branched polyoxyethylene ether (CAMEC),. In this thesis, CAMES and CAMEC, with different average EO addition numbers were prepared and their structure-activity relationships were studied. The content includes four parts: (1) preparation and identification of CAMES. Methyl castor oil was prepared by transesterification from refined castor oil. A series of CAMEE,CAMEE with different average EO and sodium bisulfite were prepared by ethoxylation of methyl castor oil to form CAMES.. The molecular structure of CAMEE was first identified, then the preparation process of CAMES was explored and the optimum reaction conditions were obtained. CAMES. was purified by two-phase extraction method. Finally, the molecular structure of CAMES was identified by IR and NMR. (2) the properties of CAMEE and CAMES were studied. The surface properties and application properties of CAMEE and CAMES with different average EO addition numbers were studied. The results show that CAMES is a new sulfonate surfactant with low foaming, strong emulsifying ability and good surface activity. When the average EiO addition number is the same, the Ycmc of CAMES is lower than that of CAMEE, and the wettability, foaming ability, foam stability, decontamination ability and apparent alkali resistance of CAMES are all enhanced. (3) CAMEC is a kind of heterogeneous AEC, EO chain located in the branch chain of hydrophobic chain. The molecular structures of CAMEC, with theoretical average EO addition numbers of 2,4,6 were prepared, and their basic physical and chemical properties were studied. The results show that CAMEC is a new foam free anionic surfactant with lower cmc but larger 緯 cmc. Moreover, its wettability decreases with the increase of the average EO addition number of branched chains. (4) the aggregation behavior of CAMEC in aqueous solution is studied by taking CAMEC4 as an example. The results show that CAMEC4 can spontaneously form vesicles in aqueous solution with increasing concentration, and the size of vesicles decreases with increasing concentration. However, the stability of vesicles becomes worse, and the formation of vesicles may be due to the effect of intermolecular hydrogen bonds.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)日用化學(xué)工業(yè)研究院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：O647.2

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