【摘要】：微乳液是一種微粒粒徑大小在乳狀液和溶液之間,宏觀上均勻透明、各向同性、熱力學穩(wěn)定的分散體系。主要由四種成分組成,分別是:表面活性劑、助表面活性劑、油和水。由于其特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)性質(zhì),微乳液在很多方面都有應用。本文主要研究微乳液的相行為以及利用該微乳液體系為模板合成形貌可控的納米材料,具體內(nèi)容如下:第一章介紹了微乳液的基礎(chǔ)知識,主要包括微乳液的性質(zhì)、形成原理、影響因素和制備方法,其次介紹制備納米顆粒的相關(guān)知識以及本文研究的目的和意義。第二章研究了陽離子表面活性劑十六烷基三甲基溴化銨(CTAB)與正丁醇、異辛烷、水所形成的微乳液在不同溫度下的相行為,并就溫度對微乳液形成的影響做了討論。根據(jù)溫度的討論結(jié)果選定40℃下詳細研究體系的相行為,繪制擬三元相圖,進一步通過研究電導率劃分單相微乳液各區(qū)域,分析微乳液內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的變化情況,并利用W/O型微乳液為模板合成CaCO3和ZnS納米顆粒,同時對不同水核比、不同的鹽濃度下合成材料的情況作了研究,最后對合成材料利用掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)和X-射線粉末衍射(XRD)手段進行了表征。第三、四章分別改變助表面活性劑為正戊醇和正己醇,形成CTAB/正戊醇(正己醇)/異辛烷/水的微乳液體系,就不同溫度下的相行為做了討論,同時就40℃下單相微乳液相區(qū)的劃分做了研究,與正丁醇為助劑形成對比,三、四章分別在水核比和鹽濃度不變的情況下利用W/O型微乳液為模板合成CaCO3和ZnS納米顆粒,并對其進行了表征。第五章是對全文的總結(jié)以及對未來該課題研究方向的展望。
[Abstract]:Microemulsion is a kind of dispersed system with particle size between emulsion and solution, which is homogeneous, transparent, isotropic and thermodynamically stable. It consists of four components: surfactant, cosurfactant, oil and water. Because of its special structural properties, microemulsion has been applied in many aspects. In this paper, the phase behavior of microemulsion and the synthesis of nano-materials with controllable morphology by using the microemulsion system as template are studied. The main contents are as follows: in chapter one, the basic knowledge of microemulsion is introduced, including the properties and formation principle of microemulsion. The influencing factors and preparation methods are introduced. Secondly, the related knowledge of the preparation of nanoparticles and the purpose and significance of this study are introduced. In chapter 2, the phase behavior of the microemulsion formed by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), n-butanol, isooctane and water at different temperatures was studied, and the effect of temperature on the formation of microemulsion was discussed. According to the results of temperature discussion, the phase behavior of the system is studied in detail at 40 鈩，

本文編號：2295825