本文選題：梯度聚合物 + 可控/活性自由基聚合�。� 參考：《化學(xué)進(jìn)展》2017年10期

【摘要】：近年來,刺激響應(yīng)聚合物因其獨(dú)特的性質(zhì)而受到廣泛關(guān)注,這類聚合物能夠感受外界環(huán)境刺激(包括光、電、熱、力、氧化還原、pH、化學(xué)、環(huán)境和生物信號(hào)等刺激)而產(chǎn)生響應(yīng),從而引起體系物理或化學(xué)性質(zhì)的改變。而梯度聚合物則是伴隨著可控自由基聚合技術(shù)的誕生、發(fā)展而出現(xiàn)和形成的一類新型聚合物,區(qū)別于無規(guī)和嵌段聚合物,梯度聚合物表現(xiàn)出單體組成沿分子鏈漸變的性質(zhì),其中,由親水性單元和憎水性單元組成的兩親性梯度聚合物在選擇性溶劑中可自組裝形成多種聚集體,因此具有多方面的潛在應(yīng)用價(jià)值,比如超分子組裝體、智能涂料、網(wǎng)絡(luò)或這些可能應(yīng)用的組合。本文調(diào)研了有關(guān)梯度聚合物方面的研究工作,綜述了幾種梯度聚合物的合成方法,如活性陰離子聚合法、可控自由基聚合法(包括氮氧穩(wěn)定自由基聚合、原子轉(zhuǎn)移自由基聚合及可逆加成斷裂鏈轉(zhuǎn)移自由基聚合)和開環(huán)聚合法等,同時(shí)闡述了梯度聚合物的自組裝及刺激響應(yīng)行為,尤其是其獨(dú)特的熱和pH敏感性。此外,還對(duì)由兩親性嵌段聚合物和兩親性梯度聚合物自組裝形成的聚集體的刺激響應(yīng)行為進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)地論述和比較,并指出了梯度聚合物的應(yīng)用前景和發(fā)展方向。
[Abstract]:In recent years, stimulus-responsive polymers have received widespread attention because of their unique properties. These polymers can respond to environmental stimuli (including light, electricity, heat, force, redox pH, chemical, environmental and biological signals, etc.). Thus causing changes in the physical or chemical properties of the system. Gradient polymer (GPS) is a new kind of polymer which is developed with the birth of controllable free radical polymerization technology. It is different from random and block polymer. Gradient polymer shows the property of monomer composition changing gradually along molecular chain. Among them, amphiphilic gradient polymers composed of hydrophilic units and hydrophobic units can self-assemble into a variety of aggregates in selective solvents, so they have many potential applications, such as supramolecular assemblies, intelligent coatings, A network or a combination of these possible applications. In this paper, the research work on gradient polymers is investigated, and several methods of synthesis of gradient polymers are reviewed, such as active anionic polymerization, controllable radical polymerization (including nitrogen-oxygen stable radical polymerization). Atom transfer radical polymerization and reversible addition strand transfer radical polymerization) and ring-opening polymerization were used. The self-assembly and stimulative response of gradient polymers, especially their unique thermal and pH sensitivity, were discussed. In addition, the stimuli response behaviors of aggregates formed by amphiphilic block polymers and amphiphilic gradient polymers are discussed and compared in detail, and the application prospect and development direction of gradient polymers are also pointed out.
【作者單位】： 北京化工大學(xué)軟物質(zhì)科學(xué)與工程高精尖研究中心材料科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(No.21704001) 中央高�；究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金(No.buctrc201724) 北京軟物質(zhì)科學(xué)與工程高精尖創(chuàng)新中心經(jīng)費(fèi)資助~~
【分類號(hào)】：O631.5

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