本文選題：聚合物共混 + 相容性　； 參考：《寧波大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：高分子共混改性已經(jīng)成為獲取新型材料更加便捷經(jīng)濟(jì)的方式,然而共混組分間的不相容嚴(yán)重制約著共混材料的性能和應(yīng)用。使用有效的增容劑來增加體系組分間的相容性對(duì)于新材料的制備和應(yīng)用具有顯著的經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值。嵌段共聚物由于特殊的分子結(jié)構(gòu)常被用于增容不相容的共混聚合物,但是嵌段共聚物在臨界膠束濃度之上時(shí),容易在共混物中形成膠束,從而降低了嵌段共聚物的利用率。因此,研究嵌段共聚物的增容機(jī)理對(duì)提高嵌段共聚物的增容應(yīng)用具有重要的理論和實(shí)際價(jià)值。本文采用PS-b-PMMA(SM)為增容劑,通過熔融共混制備了SM/PMMA/PCHMA和SM/PS/PMMA的共混物。系統(tǒng)研究了加工條件、SM的分子結(jié)構(gòu)和含量對(duì)共混物形態(tài)的影響,探究了SM相容劑形成的膠束結(jié)構(gòu)以及其在共混物界面間的遷移行為。采用透射電子顯微鏡和旋轉(zhuǎn)流變儀對(duì)共混物的微觀形態(tài)和流變行為進(jìn)行了表征。主要結(jié)論如下:1.研究了剪切強(qiáng)度、共混時(shí)間和加料順序?qū)M/PMMA/PCHMA共混物中PMMA粒子的粒徑和粒徑分布的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)剪切速率為100rpm時(shí),PMMA粒子的尺寸和分布最小。SM嵌段共聚物延長了共混物的形態(tài)達(dá)到平衡的時(shí)間。嵌段共聚物的增容效率與其在共混物中的溶解度有關(guān),將SM優(yōu)先加入到溶解度高的PCHMA相中,增容劑的利用率最高。2.比較了SM在PCHMA和PMMA中形成的膠束結(jié)構(gòu),考察了不同分子量的SM在PCHMA/PMMA界面上的遷移行為。采用旋轉(zhuǎn)流變儀表征了不同分子量的SM在PCHMA/PMMA界面上的粘結(jié)程度。結(jié)果表明,SM在PCHMA和PMMA中都形成“核-殼”結(jié)構(gòu)的膠束。SM在PCHMA中形成以PMMA為核的膠束,在PMMA相中形成以PS為核的膠束。SM只有在PCHMA/PMMA界面上形成“濕刷”時(shí),在PCHMA中形成的膠束才能遷移到PMMA中。SM分子量在50kg/mol時(shí),可以獲得最小的PMMA粒子尺寸和分布。3.采用分子構(gòu)造不同的SM增容PMMA/PCHMA和PS/PMMA共混物,研究了SM的含量和分子結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)共混物形態(tài)的影響。結(jié)果表明,隨著SM含量的增加,共混體系中PMMA分散相尺寸不斷減小。共聚物中SM鏈段越短,達(dá)到共混體系界面的時(shí)間越短,但不能有效穩(wěn)定共混物在熱退火過程中的相形態(tài)。增容劑SM的鏈段長于共混各組分的鏈長時(shí),SM不僅能夠有效的降低分散相粒子的尺寸,而且能有效穩(wěn)定共混體系的結(jié)構(gòu)。SM中較長的鏈段位于稀相時(shí),會(huì)抑制分散相粒子稀相纖維的破裂,從而提高分散相的連續(xù)度。
[Abstract]:Polymer blending modification has become a more convenient and economical way to obtain new materials. However, the properties and applications of the blends are seriously restricted by the incompatibility between the components of the blends. The use of effective compatibilizers to increase the compatibility between the components of the system has significant economic value for the preparation and application of new materials. Block copolymers are often used to compatibilize incompatible blends because of their special molecular structure, but when the block copolymers are above the critical micelle concentration, micelles are easily formed in the blends, thus reducing the utilization ratio of block copolymers. Therefore, the study of the compatibilization mechanism of block copolymers has important theoretical and practical value in improving the compatibilization and application of block copolymers. The blends of SM/PMMA/PCHMA and SM/PS/PMMA were prepared by melt blending using PS-b-PMMA-SMas as compatibilizer. The effects of the molecular structure and content of SM on the morphology of the blend were studied systematically. The micelle structure of SM compatibilizer and its migration behavior at the interface of the blend were investigated. The microstructure and rheological behavior of the blends were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and rotary rheometer. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The effects of shear strength, blending time and feeding order on the particle size and distribution of PMMA particles in SM/PMMA/PCHMA blends were studied. It was found that when the shear rate was 100rpm, the size and distribution of PMMA particles were the smallest. SM block copolymers prolonged the equilibrium time for the morphology of the blends. The compatibilization efficiency of block copolymers is related to their solubility in the blends. SM is added to the PCHMA phase with high solubility, and the compatibilizer has the highest utilization ratio. The micelle structure of SM formed in PCHMA and PMMA was compared and the migration behavior of SM with different molecular weight at PCHMA/PMMA interface was investigated. The adhesion of SM with different molecular weight at PCHMA/PMMA interface was measured by rotating rheometer. The results showed that the "core-shell" micelles formed in both PCHMA and PMMA. SM formed micelles with PMMA in PCHMA and micelles with PS as core in PMMA phase. SM only formed "wet brushes" at the interface of PCHMA/PMMA. The micelles formed in PCHMA can be transferred to PMMA. SM molecular weight is in 50kg/mol, and the smallest PMMA particle size and distribution. 3 can be obtained. The effects of SM content and molecular structure on the morphology of PMMA/PCHMA and PS/PMMA blends were studied. The results show that the size of PMMA dispersed phase decreases with the increase of SM content. The shorter the SM segment in the copolymers, the shorter the time to reach the interface of the blends, but the phase morphology of the blends cannot be effectively stabilized during thermal annealing. When the chain length of the compatibilizer SM is longer than that of each component of the blend, SM can not only effectively reduce the size of dispersed particles, but also effectively stabilize the structure of the blend. The longer segment of SM is located in the dilute phase. It can inhibit the breakdown of the dispersed particle rare-phase fiber and increase the continuity of the dispersed phase.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O631

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本文編號(hào)：1825955