發(fā)布時間：2018-03-09 03:34

  本文選題：溫度　切入點：溫標　出處：《中國科學技術大學》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：分子光譜是研究分子結構、內(nèi)部能量布居、以及分子間相互作用最重要的手段之一。近一個世紀以來,隨著激光技術和分子光譜探測技術的發(fā)展,光頻梳的發(fā)明等,使得分子光譜在高精密測量方面具有越來越多的應用:包括驗證基本物理定律和對稱性,以及測量精密物理常數(shù),比如精細結構常數(shù)α、玻爾茲曼常數(shù)k_B等等。本論文的主要工作是通過自主發(fā)展并搭建的高精密光腔衰蕩光譜(Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy)實驗裝置,利用頻率鎖定以及溫度控制技術,示范進行高精密的分子光譜頻率測量,并用于測定玻爾茲曼常數(shù)。本論文的主要內(nèi)容包括以下幾部分,第一章簡要介紹了測量玻爾茲曼常數(shù)k_B的背景,以及目前國際上其他研究組主要采用的一些測量方法,比如聲速法、介電常數(shù)發(fā)、熱噪聲法和多普勒展寬方法等,特別是本論文將采用的基于光腔衰蕩光譜和多普勒展寬方法測定玻爾茲曼常數(shù)的原理。本章還介紹了光腔衰蕩光譜方法的原理,以及對k_B測量有影響的各種加寬因素,包括碰撞加寬、渡越時間加寬、飽和加寬等等。第二章詳細介紹了實驗裝置的設計與搭建,包括樣品腔的機械設計與溫度控制,激光頻率的鎖定與掃描等等。為了準確測定玻爾茲曼常數(shù),我們不斷改進實驗方案,并且通過實際飽和吸收光譜的測量驗證了實驗方案的可行性。最終發(fā)展的實驗方案不僅可以用于玻爾茲曼常數(shù)的測定,可能還可以用于其它高精密分子光譜測量。第三章介紹利用我們發(fā)展的三種實驗設計方案所測量的結果與分析,對玻爾茲曼常數(shù)進行了初步測量結果與分析;同時發(fā)展了可用于分子蘭姆凹陷測定的實驗方法,并實現(xiàn)了精度達到亞kHz的CO分子飽和吸收光譜頻率測定。最后,對于進一步的改進實驗方法,實現(xiàn)高精密的k_B測定以及其它相關分子精密測量進行了討論。
[Abstract]:Molecular spectrum is one of the most important means to study molecular structure, internal energy distribution and intermolecular interaction. In the last century, with the development of laser technology and molecular spectrum detection technology, the invention of optical frequency comb, etc. The molecular spectrum has more and more applications in high-precision measurement, including the verification of basic physical laws and symmetries, and the measurement of precise physical constants. For example, fine structure constant 偽, Boltzmann constant KB and so on. The main work of this thesis is to use frequency locking and temperature control technology through the self-developed and built high-precision optical cavity Ring-Down spectroscopy-based device. High precision molecular spectral frequency measurement is demonstrated and used to measure Boltzmann constant. The main contents of this paper include the following parts. The first chapter briefly introduces the background of the measurement of Boltzmann constant KSP B. And some of the main measurement methods used by other international research groups at present, such as sound velocity method, dielectric constant generation, thermal noise method and Doppler broadening method, etc. In particular, the principle of measurement of Boltzmann constant based on optical cavity ring-down spectrum and Doppler broadening method will be adopted in this paper. The principle of optical cavity ring-down spectrum method and various broadening factors affecting the measurement of KSP B are also introduced in this chapter. The second chapter introduces the design and construction of the experimental device in detail, including the mechanical design and temperature control of the sample cavity. Laser frequency locking, scanning and so on. In order to determine Boltzmann constant accurately, we constantly improve the experimental program. The feasibility of the experimental scheme is verified by the measurement of the actual saturated absorption spectrum. The developed experimental scheme can be used not only for the determination of Boltzmann constant, but also for the measurement of the Boltzmann constant. It may also be used for other high-precision molecular spectrometric measurements. In Chapter 3, the results and analysis of Boltzmann constant are presented and analyzed by using three experimental design schemes developed by us. At the same time, the experimental method which can be used for the determination of molecular Lamb sag is developed, and the saturated absorption spectrum frequency of CO with accuracy up to sub-#en0# is realized. Finally, for the further improvement of the experimental method, The realization of high precision Kappa B measurement and other related molecular precision measurements are discussed.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：O657.3

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