發(fā)布時間：2018-03-08 23:12

  本文選題：廢輪胎　切入點：催化熱解　出處：《催化學報》2016年04期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：催化熱解廢輪胎對于資源利用及環(huán)境保護具有重要意義,近年來引起人們關注.在廢輪胎膠粉熱解反應中加入催化劑,不僅會加速膠粉裂解速率,縮短反應時間,而且可以通過催化劑擇形催化改變產物分布,從而提高目的產物衍生油的收率和性能.國內外對廢輪胎催化熱解已做了大量研究,以期提高衍生油中高附加值單環(huán)芳烴的含量,同時降低S,N和Cl含量,雖然已取得較大進展,但衍生油收率較低,大大降低了該技術的可行性.本文采用帶攪拌器的1000 mL不銹鋼反應器,在常壓條件下研究了反應溫度和催化劑類型對廢輪胎膠粉熱解反應及產物衍生油性能的影響,通過元素分析、餾程模擬和色譜-質譜等表征手段檢測了衍生油的理化性能.結果表明,在廢輪胎膠粉熱解反應過程中,隨反應溫度上升,出油速率先增加后降低.至500℃時,熱解衍生油收率最高達55.65 wt%,所得衍生油呈黑棕色,具有輕質油含量低、S和N含量高、粘度低和流動性好的特點,其輕質芳烴含量低,卻含有大量可以轉變?yōu)榉紵N的脂肪烴類.因此,為了提高衍生油中輕質油和輕質芳烴收率,降低S和N含量,盡量維持較高的衍生油收率,在熱解反應過程中引入少量ZSM-5,USY,β,SAPO-11和ZSM-22等常見催化劑,利用催化劑獨特的孔道結構和酸分布,達到定向催化和轉化的目的,提高輕質芳烴含量.同時,為了克服催化劑與膠粉難以接觸進行反應的問題,在反應溫度升至200℃時,維持一定時間保證膠粉發(fā)生溶脹和液化反應形成液體烴類,使得催化劑不僅能夠均勻分散于液體烴中與其接觸進行反應,而且有效提高了反應物料與催化劑之間傳質傳熱效率,使得裂解反應在均相中進行,降低因傳熱不均勻而造成的結焦和過度裂化反應.在催化熱解過程中,1.0 wt%催化劑的加入可明顯縮短反應時間,在保證衍生油收率基本不變的情況下,獲得的衍生油呈黃棕色,輕質油收率較高為70 75 wt%,S和N含量分別降至0.3 0.58wt%和0.78 1.0 wt%.以具有較高酸性和孔徑分布的ZSM-5,USY,β和SAPO-11為催化劑時,衍生油中總芳烴含量可達到50 wt%,其中單環(huán)芳烴含量高達45 wt%.
[Abstract]:Catalytic pyrolysis of waste tires is of great significance for resource utilization and environmental protection, which has attracted much attention in recent years. Adding catalyst to pyrolysis of waste tire rubber powder will not only accelerate the cracking rate of rubber powder, but also shorten the reaction time. Moreover, the yield and performance of the derived oil can be improved by changing the product distribution through shape selective catalysis. A lot of research has been done on the catalytic pyrolysis of waste tire in order to increase the content of high added value monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the derived oil. At the same time, although great progress has been made in reducing the content of Son N and Cl, the yield of derived oil is low, which greatly reduces the feasibility of this technique. In this paper, 1000 mL stainless steel reactor with stirrer is used. The effects of reaction temperature and catalyst type on the pyrolysis reaction of waste tire rubber powder and the properties of derived oil were studied under atmospheric pressure. The physicochemical properties of the derived oil were tested by means of distillation simulation and chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results showed that during the pyrolysis of waste tire rubber powder, the oil extraction rate increased first and then decreased with the increase of reaction temperature. The yield of pyrolytic derivative oil was up to 55.65 wt.The derivative oil was black brown and had the characteristics of low content of light oil, high content of S and N, low viscosity and good fluidity, and the content of light aromatics was low. Therefore, in order to increase the yield of light oil and light aromatics in derivative oil, reduce S and N content, and maintain high yield of derivative oil as far as possible, Some common catalysts, such as ZSM-5 USY, 尾 -SAPO-11 and ZSM-22, were introduced in the pyrolysis process. The specific pore structure and acid distribution of the catalysts were used to achieve the purpose of directional catalysis and conversion, and to increase the content of light aromatics. In order to overcome the problem that it is difficult for the catalyst to react with the rubber powder, when the reaction temperature rises to 200 鈩，

本文編號：1585957