【摘要】：水電工程是人類(lèi)重大工程活動(dòng),其建設(shè)對(duì)土地生態(tài)環(huán)境必定會(huì)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響,水電產(chǎn)業(yè)是云南省支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)之一。現(xiàn)階段,云南省境內(nèi)六大水系干流上已規(guī)劃有50座大型水電站,除此之外,正在建設(shè)和規(guī)劃將要建設(shè)的中小水電站超過(guò)216座。水電站的建設(shè)必然伴隨著土地生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞,為使云南省正在建設(shè)或?qū)⒁ㄔO(shè)的大中型水電工程的可持續(xù)利用,并為其提供基礎(chǔ)理論和實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)依據(jù),本文以漫灣電站為例,從土地生態(tài)學(xué)的角度,將土地生態(tài)環(huán)境看成一個(gè)完整的系統(tǒng),利用1990-2014年間6個(gè)時(shí)期的TM影像、第一次和第二次全國(guó)土地調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)、土壤普查資料、地質(zhì)災(zāi)害資料以及社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)數(shù)據(jù)等,結(jié)合ENVI、MAPGIS、 AUTOCAD和ARCGIS軟件綜合分析漫灣電站建成前后庫(kù)區(qū)及其周邊的土地生態(tài)環(huán)境效應(yīng)。在本文中土地生態(tài)環(huán)境效應(yīng)分析主要從七個(gè)方面入手,即研究區(qū)LUCC、氣候環(huán)境變化、生物環(huán)境變化、土壤質(zhì)量變化、水資源變化、地質(zhì)災(zāi)害發(fā)生情況以及研究區(qū)涉及縣域的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)變化。最后本文將涉及土地生態(tài)環(huán)境的因素進(jìn)行疊加分析,并利用疊加結(jié)果將研究進(jìn)行土地生態(tài)穩(wěn)定性區(qū)域劃分,將整個(gè)研究區(qū)劃分為土地生態(tài)破壞區(qū)、土地生態(tài)潛在威脅區(qū)、土地生態(tài)穩(wěn)定區(qū)和土地生態(tài)安全區(qū)四個(gè)類(lèi)型區(qū)域,針對(duì)不同類(lèi)型區(qū)域提出不同的保護(hù)措施,為研究區(qū)土地生態(tài)環(huán)境的可持續(xù)調(diào)控提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Hydropower project is an important human engineering activity, and its construction is bound to have a profound impact on the land ecological environment. Hydropower industry is one of the pillar industries in Yunnan Province. At present, there are 50 large hydropower stations planned on the six main streams of Yunnan Province. In addition, more than 216 small and medium-sized hydropower stations are under construction and planning. The construction of hydropower station must be accompanied by the destruction of land ecological environment. In order to make the sustainable utilization of large and medium-sized hydropower projects under construction or to be built in Yunnan Province, and to provide it with basic theory and practical guidance, this paper takes Manwan Hydropower Station as an example, regards the land ecological environment as a complete system from the point of view of land ecology, and makes use of the TM images of six periods from 1990 to 2014. The first and second national land survey data, soil survey data, geological hazard data and social and economic data are combined with ENVI,MAPGIS, AUTOCAD and ARCGIS software to comprehensively analyze the ecological and environmental effects of land in and around the reservoir area before and after the completion of Manwan Hydropower Station. In this paper, the analysis of land ecological and environmental effects mainly starts from seven aspects, namely, LUCC, climate and environment change, biological environment change, soil quality change, water resources change, geological disaster occurrence and the social and economic change of county involved in the study area. Finally, this paper analyzes the factors related to the land ecological environment, and divides the whole study area into four types of areas: land ecological destruction area, land ecological potential threat area, land ecological stability area and land ecological security zone by using the superposition results, and puts forward different protection measures for different types of areas. It provides the basis for the sustainable regulation and control of the land ecological environment in the study area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X826;F426.61

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