【摘要】：國內(nèi)外都采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)粒子的方式對PM2.5監(jiān)測儀器進(jìn)行校準(zhǔn),但細(xì)顆粒在空氣中的物理化學(xué)性狀極易發(fā)生變化,導(dǎo)致標(biāo)準(zhǔn)粒子的制作和其應(yīng)用之間產(chǎn)生較大的偏差。針對這種現(xiàn)狀,本文在通常的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)粒子的基礎(chǔ)上,研究一種基于Mie散射的無損檢測技術(shù),實現(xiàn)對標(biāo)準(zhǔn)粒子粒徑和濃度的實時監(jiān)測。論文首先對Mie散射進(jìn)行分析,在此基礎(chǔ)上推導(dǎo)了Mie散射的基本公式�；贛ie散射的基本公式,利用MATLAB編寫程序?qū)ie散射的散射光強(qiáng)進(jìn)行仿真,探究球形顆粒物的粒徑、折射率以及入射光的波長等幾個參數(shù)對散射光強(qiáng)的影響。此外,在Mie散射的基本理論的基礎(chǔ)上,推導(dǎo)了散射光強(qiáng)與顆粒群質(zhì)量濃度的關(guān)系以及散射光強(qiáng)與單個顆粒粒徑的關(guān)系。論文以Mie散射為理論基礎(chǔ),將光度法和粒子計數(shù)法相結(jié)合,設(shè)計并研制了一套顆粒物檢定裝置。通過激光功率的切換,可利用同一裝置實現(xiàn)對顆粒物粒徑和濃度的監(jiān)測。利用所研制的檢測裝置,分別對聚苯乙烯球標(biāo)準(zhǔn)粒子和單分散的氣溶膠顆粒物,開展粒徑測量的實驗研究。隨著標(biāo)準(zhǔn)粒子粒徑的增大,甄別電壓值也逐漸增大,并能很好的識別和區(qū)分兩個粒徑接近的不同粒子。同時,針對氣溶膠發(fā)生器所發(fā)出的單分散氣溶膠顆粒,開展質(zhì)量濃度的測量實驗,并利用最小二乘法對電壓值與質(zhì)量濃度之間的線性關(guān)系進(jìn)行擬合,求得質(zhì)量濃度轉(zhuǎn)換系數(shù)K的值。
[Abstract]:The standard particle is used to calibrate the PM2.5 monitoring instrument at home and abroad, but the physical and chemical properties of fine particles in the air are easy to change, resulting in a large deviation between the production and application of standard particles. Aiming at this situation, this paper studies a nondestructive testing technique based on Mie scattering on the basis of normal standard particles, which realizes the real-time monitoring of particle size and concentration. Firstly, the Mie scattering is analyzed, and the basic formula of Mie scattering is derived. Based on the basic formula of Mie scattering, the scattering light intensity of Mie scattering is simulated by MATLAB program, and the influence of some parameters, such as particle size, refractive index and wavelength of incident light, on the scattering light intensity is explored. In addition, based on the basic theory of Mie scattering, the relationship between scattering light intensity and particle mass concentration and the relationship between scattering light intensity and particle size are derived. Based on the theory of Mie scattering, a particle calibration device is designed and developed by combining photometric method with particle counting method. By switching laser power, the particle size and concentration can be monitored by the same device. The particle size measurement of polystyrene standard particles and monodisperse aerosol particles was carried out with the developed detector. With the increase of standard particle size, the discriminant voltage value increases gradually, and can identify and distinguish two different particles with similar particle size. At the same time, a mass concentration measurement experiment is carried out for the monodisperse aerosol particles emitted by the aerosol generator, and the linear relationship between the voltage value and the mass concentration is fitted by the least square method. The value of mass concentration conversion coefficient K is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X851

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本文編號：2413796