【摘要】：錢塘江作為杭州主要的飲用水水源地,其水環(huán)境質(zhì)量直接關(guān)系到全市人民的身體健康。杭州近年來頻發(fā)的水體有機物污染事件,受到社會各界高度關(guān)注,因此加強水體中有機物污染的研究具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。揮發(fā)性鹵代烴、苯系物等揮發(fā)性有機物作為環(huán)境內(nèi)分泌干擾物,因獨特的環(huán)境行為和致病機理,對生態(tài)環(huán)境和人民身體健康可能產(chǎn)生重大威脅。本文通過對錢塘江水體中揮發(fā)性鹵代烴、苯系物等有機物的監(jiān)測分析,初步掌握了錢塘江水體中揮發(fā)性鹵代烴、苯系物等有機物的種類、分布情況、濃度水平,進行了揮發(fā)性鹵代烴、苯系物等的健康風險評估,并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出了防治對策措施。本文采用吹掃捕集／氣相色譜—質(zhì)譜法測定水中揮發(fā)性有機物方法進行測定。研究結(jié)果表明：1、錢塘江水體中檢出的揮發(fā)性鹵代烴、苯系物等揮發(fā)性有機物共有43種,主要污染因子包括：二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、四氯化碳、三氯乙烯和二甲氧基甲烷。檢出率最高的前3種主要揮發(fā)性鹵代烴污染因子為二氯甲烷(最高檢出濃度為8.4μg·L-1)、三氯甲烷(最高檢出濃度為2.9μg·L-1)和1,2-二氯乙烷(最高檢出濃度為1.1 μg·L-1)。2、項目開展期間,錢塘江水體中揮發(fā)性有機物的種類、檢出頻率較2012年有明顯的增加。總體看,揮發(fā)性有機物的含量較低,遠低于相關(guān)的標準限值,點源污染特征明顯。3、錢塘江水體中揮發(fā)性鹵代烴、苯系物等有機物污染導(dǎo)致人體健康風險尚在可接受范圍內(nèi),非致癌健康風險指數(shù)范圍為0-82.9×10-3和致癌健康風險指數(shù)范圍為0-1.7×10-6。
[Abstract]:As the main drinking water source in Hangzhou, Qiantang River's water environment quality is directly related to the people's health. In recent years, the frequent incidents of water organic pollution in Hangzhou have attracted great attention from all walks of life, so it is of great practical significance to strengthen the study of organic pollutants in water bodies. Volatile organic compounds, such as volatile halogenated hydrocarbons and benzene series, as environmental endocrine disruptors, may pose a major threat to the ecological environment and the health of people because of their unique environmental behavior and pathogenic mechanism. Based on the monitoring and analysis of volatile halogenated hydrocarbons, benzene series and other organic compounds in Qiantang River, the species, distribution and concentration level of volatile halogenated hydrocarbons and benzene series in Qiantang River water are preliminarily grasped. The health risk assessment of volatile halogenated hydrocarbons and benzene series was carried out, and the preventive measures were put forward. The determination of volatile organic compounds in water by purging and trapping / gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is reported in this paper. The results show that: 1, there are 43 kinds of volatile organic compounds such as volatile halogenated hydrocarbons and benzene series in Qiantang River. The main pollution factors include: dichloromethane, trichloromethane, 1-tetrachloroethane, carbon tetrachloride. Trichloroethylene and dimethoxymethane. The first three main volatile halogenated hydrocarbon pollution factors with the highest detectable rate were dichloromethane (the highest detectable concentration was 8.4 渭 g L-1). Trichloromethane (maximum detectable concentration 2.9 渭 g L-1) and 1-trichloroethane (1.1 渭 g L-1). 2. Species of volatile organic compounds in Qiantang River water during the development of the project, The frequency of detection was significantly higher than that of 2012. In general, the content of volatile organic compounds is relatively low, which is far below the relevant standard limit, and the characteristics of point source pollution are obvious. 3. The pollution of volatile halogenated hydrocarbons, benzene series and other organic compounds in the water of Qiantang River is still within the acceptable range of human health risks. The range of non-carcinogenic health risk index is 0-82.9 脳 10 ~ (-3) and carcinogenic health risk index is 0-1.7 脳 10 ~ (-6).
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X52;X824

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