【摘要】：近年來,隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展以及城市化進(jìn)程的加快,土壤污染問題愈演愈烈,無論對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的正常運(yùn)行還是人體健康都構(gòu)成較嚴(yán)重的威脅。研究區(qū)為蘇南某工業(yè)園區(qū),該園區(qū)由于環(huán)境監(jiān)管體系的不完善,加上園區(qū)經(jīng)過幾十年的快速發(fā)展,土壤環(huán)境很可能遭受一定程度的污染。因此,本研究對園區(qū)土壤污染調(diào)查監(jiān)測,對了解園區(qū)土壤污染現(xiàn)狀以及進(jìn)一步做好土壤污染的綜合防治具有十分重要的指導(dǎo)意義。本研究首先采用單因子指數(shù)法與內(nèi)梅羅指數(shù)法對園區(qū)土壤重金屬污染與有機(jī)物污染進(jìn)行綜合評價(jià),并采用健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)模型對污染物引起的人體健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行計(jì)算,總結(jié)得出:該園區(qū)土壤重金屬與多環(huán)芳烴類污染較為嚴(yán)重,其中重金屬污染以鎘、鋅為主;13種多環(huán)芳烴總量按照歐洲人類暴露評估的閾值生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)處于嚴(yán)重污染等級;根據(jù)健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)結(jié)果,土壤重金屬的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)值較高,多環(huán)芳烴的人類健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)值略高于國際可接受的最大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)值1x 10~(-6)。針對污染評價(jià)結(jié)論總結(jié)研究區(qū)在土壤污染、土地利用規(guī)劃、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)布局等方面存在的問題:(1)以火電廠為源沿著道路呈線性軸帶式有機(jī)污染較為嚴(yán)重;(2)重金屬污染總體程度較低,但鎘濃度超標(biāo)較為明顯;(3)研究區(qū)土壤健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)水平較高;(4)研究區(qū)土壤多種污染物復(fù)合污染的情況較為普遍;(5)城市用地規(guī)劃不完善,部分企業(yè)用地布局不合理。并分析研究區(qū)土壤重金屬鎘污染以及有機(jī)污染的來源主要為:采礦、冶煉企業(yè)排放的含鎘廢水以及交通運(yùn)輸中輪胎磨損是鎘的主要來源;火力發(fā)電廠是多環(huán)芳烴的主要來源。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of industry and the acceleration of urbanization, soil pollution becomes more and more serious, which poses a serious threat to the normal operation of ecosystem and human health. The research area is an industrial park in southern Jiangsu province. Due to the imperfection of the environmental supervision system and the rapid development of the park for several decades, the soil environment is likely to be polluted to a certain extent. Therefore, the investigation and monitoring of soil pollution in the park is of great significance to understand the present situation of soil pollution in the park and to further improve the comprehensive prevention and control of soil pollution. In this study, the single factor index method and the Nemero index method were used to evaluate the pollution of heavy metal and organic matter in the soil of the park, and the health risk assessment model was used to calculate the risk of human health caused by the pollutants. It is concluded that the pollution of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soil of the park is serious, among which cadmium and zinc are the main pollution. The total amount of 13 PAHs is in serious pollution grade according to the threshold ecological risk criterion of human exposure assessment in Europe; According to the results of health risk assessment, the health risk value of heavy metals in soil is higher than that of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which is slightly higher than the maximum internationally acceptable risk value (1x10-6). According to the conclusion of pollution evaluation, the problems in soil pollution, land use planning and industrial structure distribution in the study area are summarized: (1) the organic pollution along the road is more serious with the thermal power plant as the source; (2) the total level of heavy metal pollution was lower, but the cadmium concentration exceeded the standard obviously; (3) the risk level of soil health was higher in the study area; (4) the situation of compound pollution of multiple pollutants in the soil was more common in the study area. (5) the urban land use planning is not perfect, and some enterprises' land use layout is unreasonable. The main sources of heavy metal cadmium pollution and organic pollution in the soil of the study area are as follows: cadmium containing waste water from mining smelting enterprises and tire wear in transportation are the main sources of cadmium and the thermal power plant is the main source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X53;X825

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