【摘要】：近年來,隨著我國大氣環(huán)境污染的不斷加劇,一些大氣污染物的排放和化石能源的清潔利用變得越來越重要。煤炭是我國最主要的能源物質(zhì),其中硫元素在煤的燃燒利用時會在大氣中形成硫酸鹽,并引發(fā)酸雨、霧霾等環(huán)境問題。本文所研究的對象是在煤的煉焦過程中大量產(chǎn)生的副產(chǎn)品焦爐煤氣,因其含有較多的硫化物雜質(zhì)導致難以資源化利用,既浪費了能源利用價值,也形成了環(huán)境污染。焦爐煤氣的脫硫難點在于其成分復雜,既有無機硫化物H2S,也有較多難以去除的硫醚、噻吩、羰基硫等有機硫化物,而生物脫硫是一種工藝簡單、能耗小、安全環(huán)保的脫硫工藝,并且特定的微生物菌種能夠去除不同的硫化物組分,經(jīng)過長期的研究和發(fā)展,被認為是當前最具有應用潛力的脫硫工藝之一。本文使用一株最新分離純化得到的鞘氨醇單胞菌Sphingomonas sp. PL1研究其用于焦爐氣脫硫的可行性和發(fā)展前景。首先本文通過向液體培養(yǎng)基中添加Na2S作為模型化合物測試了微生物對無機硫的代謝去除能力,得出模擬實驗得出不同S濃度負荷、pH下的去除效果,以及代謝過程中代謝產(chǎn)物的檢測,推測出其代謝途徑和主要中間產(chǎn)物。然后通過添加有機硫的模型化合物DBT測試其對有機硫化物的代謝能力,通過誘導馴化加強其代謝能力,并得出微生物在不同濃度、pH及含有有機碳和無機硫等復雜環(huán)境下的有機硫代謝效果。最后將該微生物接種到一個有機玻璃材料制成的小型生物滴濾塔中進行氣體中硫化物的實驗,對COS和甲硫醚三種硫化物進行單組分和多組分的去除實驗,得出各組分的去除率,去除負荷等參數(shù),并得出EBRT和pH等條件對微生物脫硫系統(tǒng)的影響,以及長時間運行時脫硫效率的穩(wěn)定性等進行了研究。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the emission of some air pollutants and the clean utilization of fossil energy have become more and more important with the increasing pollution of air environment in China. Coal is the most important energy material in China. When sulfur is burned and used in coal, sulphate is formed in the atmosphere, which causes acid rain, haze and other environmental problems. The research object of this paper is coke-oven gas, which is produced in large quantities in coking process of coal. Because of its high sulfide impurity, it is difficult to make use of resources, which not only wastes the value of energy utilization, but also forms environmental pollution. The difficulty of desulphurization of coke oven gas lies in its complex composition, including inorganic sulfides H _ 2S and some organic sulfides such as sulfide, thiophene and carbonyl sulfur, which are difficult to remove. However, biological desulphurization is a simple process and low energy consumption. The desulfurization process of safety and environmental protection, and the specific microbial bacteria can remove different sulfide components, after a long period of research and development, is considered to be one of the most potential desulfurization processes. A newly isolated and purified sphingomonas Sphingomonas sp. was used in this paper. PL1 is used to study the feasibility and development prospect of coke oven gas desulfurization. Firstly, the removal ability of inorganic sulfur was tested by adding Na2S to the liquid medium as model compound, and the results of simulation experiment showed that the removal effect of pH under different S concentration load was obtained. The metabolic pathway and main intermediates were deduced from the detection of metabolites in the course of metabolism. Then the metabolic ability of organic sulfide was tested by DBT, and the metabolic ability of organic sulfide was enhanced by induction and acclimation, and the microbial concentration was obtained at different concentrations. Effects of pH and organic sulfur metabolism in complex environments such as organic carbon and inorganic sulfur. Finally, the microorganism was inoculated into a small bio-trickling tower made of plexiglass to carry out the experiment of sulfides in the gas. The removal rate of each component was obtained by the single-component and multi-component removal experiments of COS and methyl sulfide. The influence of EBRT and pH on microbial desulfurization system and the stability of desulfurization efficiency during long time operation were studied.
【學位授予單位】：北京化工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X784

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