【摘要】：本文以煙草廢棄物制備煙草薄片綜合利用煙草剩余原料減少固廢排放為背景,以煙草行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的煙草內(nèi)在質(zhì)量指標(biāo)為基礎(chǔ),從環(huán)境工程與分析化學(xué)的角度對(duì)煙草廢棄物與煙草薄片化學(xué)成分與含量進(jìn)行了初步研究,以期提高煙草原料利用率,旨在為更好的利用煙草廢棄物和煙草剩余原料、減少固廢排放保護(hù)環(huán)境,為制作適合我國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)消費(fèi)市場(chǎng)卷煙產(chǎn)品的開(kāi)發(fā)提供參考,為煙草企業(yè)今后調(diào)撥原料和制作工藝的改進(jìn)提供理論參考和技術(shù)支持。主要內(nèi)容包括以下三個(gè)方面。首先,確定了煙草細(xì)胞壁物質(zhì)、全纖維素、木質(zhì)素的制備測(cè)定方法。結(jié)果顯示,煙草廢棄物制備薄片前后的煙草樣品中,煙梗、煙末、混合原料和煙草薄片中均含有相當(dāng)多的細(xì)胞壁物質(zhì)、全纖維素和少量的木質(zhì)素,但各樣品中的含量卻有很大差別。在細(xì)胞壁物質(zhì)和全纖維素含量方面,煙梗混料煙末煙草薄片：在木質(zhì)素的含量方面,煙梗混料煙草薄片煙末。其次,采用超臨界C02流體技術(shù)萃取和光度法分別測(cè)定了煙梗、煙末、混合原料和煙草薄片中的煙堿。超臨界條件如下：體積分?jǐn)?shù)80%的乙醇作為夾帶劑,壓強(qiáng)30 MP,溫度50℃,連續(xù)萃取兩次,每次3小時(shí)。然后利用煙堿在259 nm波長(zhǎng)下有最大吸收峰作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線測(cè)樣品中煙堿含量,結(jié)果顯示,煙堿在1.273-63.650μg/mL濃度范圍內(nèi)具有良好的線性關(guān)系,線性方程為Y=0.00718+0.0181X,r2=0.9992。其中煙末中煙堿含量為1.189%,混料中煙堿含量為0.788%,煙草薄片中煙堿含量為0.670%,煙梗中煙堿含量為0.462%。最后,比較了煙草廢棄物與煙草薄片中性致香物質(zhì)的含量變化,采用同時(shí)蒸餾萃取法(SDE)提取煙草致香物質(zhì),并利用GC/MS技術(shù)進(jìn)行定性和定量分析。結(jié)果共鑒定出22種煙草致香成分,主要包括：烴(2種)、醛(4種)、酮(10種)、醇(3種)、酯(1種)、雜環(huán)類(lèi)(2種)。各煙草樣品中都含有苯甲醛、苯甲醇、糠醛、茄酮、p-大馬酮、香葉基丙酮、巨豆三烯酮等煙草中的關(guān)鍵性致香成分,但相對(duì)含量有所不同。其中,煙草薄片中致香物質(zhì)總量和各成分(除苯乙醛,茄酮等)含量最高,煙末次之,混合原料再次之,煙梗中最低,并且煙草薄片中巨豆三烯酮的含量明顯增高。
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on the tobacco industry standard, tobacco quality index is used to reduce solid waste emission under the background of tobacco waste preparation and comprehensive utilization of tobacco surplus raw materials. In this paper, the chemical composition and content of tobacco waste and tobacco flakes were studied from the point of view of environmental engineering and analytical chemistry, in order to improve the utilization rate of tobacco raw materials and to make better use of tobacco wastes and tobacco surplus raw materials. To reduce solid waste emissions and protect the environment, to provide a reference for the development of cigarette products suitable for our domestic consumer market, and to provide theoretical reference and technical support for tobacco enterprises to allocate raw materials and improve the manufacturing process in the future. The main content includes the following three aspects. Firstly, the preparation and determination method of tobacco cell wall substance, total cellulose and lignin were determined. The results showed that the tobacco samples before and after the tobacco waste preparation, the stem, the tobacco powder, the mixed raw materials and the tobacco flakes all contained quite a lot of cell wall substances, total cellulose and a small amount of lignin. However, the contents of the samples vary greatly. In terms of cell wall matter and total cellulose content, tobacco stem mixture tobacco flakes and tobacco flakes in lignin content. Secondly, the nicotine in tobacco stem, tobacco powder, mixed raw material and tobacco flake were determined by supercritical fluid extraction and spectrophotometry. The supercritical conditions are as follows: ethanol with 80% volume fraction is used as entrainer, pressure is 30 MP, and temperature is 50 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2263798