【摘要】：近年來,我國的水利水電項目得到迅速發(fā)展,大力推動了社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,然而由此引起的生態(tài)問題也日漸凸顯,成為制約河流流域社會經(jīng)濟健康快速發(fā)展的重要因素。為了實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟的可持續(xù)健康發(fā)展,我們必須更加重視對生態(tài)環(huán)境的保護和治理,以解決目前出現(xiàn)的生態(tài)問題。本研究取得的主要成果有:(1)系統(tǒng)分析了水生態(tài)承載力的內涵、特性、影響因素和指標體系,研究了指標體系權重的確定方法,確定了太子河流域的水生態(tài)承載力指標體系及各個指標體系的權重。(2)依據(jù)流域生態(tài)環(huán)境需水量的估算模型,計算出不同頻度年太子河流域生態(tài)環(huán)境需水量。太子河生態(tài)需水量主要集中在汛期,生態(tài)環(huán)境需水量的大小取決于降水量和區(qū)域生態(tài)需水量;太子河流域20%、50%、75%三個不同頻度年的生態(tài)需水量分別是52.21億m3、25.98億m3和20.37億m3。(3)采用一維水質模型對太子河干流不同頻率流量下的COD和NH3-N濃度進行了模擬預測,并計算了各控制斷面同頻率流量下的COD和NH3-N水環(huán)境容量。(4)建立太子河流域水生態(tài)承載力系統(tǒng)動力學模型。制定11個處理方案,通過系統(tǒng)動力學模型仿真模擬,認為提高水生態(tài)承載綜合利用方案效果最為明顯;提高工業(yè)用水重復率、改善生產工藝和加強宏觀調控等單個方案的效果比較明顯;提高工業(yè)水利用系數(shù)、降低農田灌溉用水定額、修建渠道防滲、提高污水處理率等方案的效果不明顯。
[Abstract]:In recent years, water conservancy and hydropower projects in our country have been developed rapidly, which has greatly promoted the development of social economy. However, the ecological problems caused by these problems have become increasingly prominent and become an important factor restricting the healthy and rapid development of social economy in river basins. In order to realize the sustainable and healthy development of economy, we must pay more attention to the protection and management of ecological environment in order to solve the current ecological problems. The main achievements of this study are as follows: (1) the connotation, characteristics, influencing factors and index system of the water ecological carrying capacity are analyzed systematically, and the method of determining the weight of the index system is studied. The index system of water ecological carrying capacity and the weight of each index system were determined. (2) according to the estimation model of ecological environmental water demand of the basin, the ecological environmental water demand of Taizi River basin was calculated in different frequency years. The ecological water demand of Taizi River is mainly concentrated in flood season, and the size of ecological environmental water demand depends on precipitation and regional ecological water demand. The ecological water demand of 5.221 billion m3, 2.598 billion m3 and 2.037 billion m3 in three different frequency years is 5.221 billion m3, 2.598 billion m3 and 2.037 billion m3 respectively. (3) the concentrations of COD and NH3-N at different frequencies of the main stream of the Taizi River are simulated and forecasted by using one-dimensional water quality model. The water environmental capacity of COD and NH3-N at the same frequency and flow rate of each control section was calculated. (4) the system dynamics model of water ecological carrying capacity of Taizi River basin was established. Through the simulation of system dynamics model, it is considered that the effect of comprehensive utilization of water ecological bearing is the most obvious, and the repetition rate of industrial water is increased. The effect of single scheme such as improving production technology and strengthening macro-control is obvious, and the effect of the schemes such as increasing industrial water utilization coefficient, reducing irrigation water quota, building canal to prevent seepage and increasing sewage treatment rate are not obvious.
【學位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X143;X26

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