本文選題：多孔 + 交聯(lián)殼聚糖��； 參考：《沈陽理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：染料廢水、重金屬離子廢水和含酚有機(jī)廢水等工業(yè)廢水嚴(yán)重污染環(huán)境、危害人類健康,成為現(xiàn)階段國內(nèi)外必須面對的一個(gè)巨大挑戰(zhàn)。本研究在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,采用天然高分子材料殼聚糖為母體,通過致孔、交聯(lián)、接枝等處理方法,制備出多孔交聯(lián)殼聚糖,對其進(jìn)行了表征和吸附性能的研究�？疾炝酥苽錀l件、靜態(tài)吸附條件對吸附效果的影響,探討了對染料、重金屬離子和苯酚的吸附機(jī)理,為工業(yè)廢水的處理提供了一定的理論依據(jù)和技術(shù)支持。以殼聚糖為原料,通過無水乙醇致孔,甲醛預(yù)交聯(lián)、環(huán)氧氯丙烷交聯(lián),經(jīng)酸處理制備出多孔交聯(lián)殼聚糖,考察制備條件和吸附條件對染料吸附性能的影響。結(jié)果表明:亞甲基藍(lán)和酸性大紅的吸附過程,可用Langmuir方程能更好擬合,吸附過程是吸熱過程;吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)符合擬二級動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,且吸附活化能小于41.9 k J/mol,亞甲基藍(lán)染料的吸附主要是物理吸附,酸性大紅的吸附為化學(xué)吸附。表征顯示:吸附劑具有多孔結(jié)構(gòu),比表面積較殼聚糖顯著增大,環(huán)氧氯丙烷交聯(lián)成功。吸附劑再生后,重復(fù)使用四次,吸附量沒有明顯下降。以聚乙二醇2000為致孔劑,甲醛預(yù)交聯(lián)、環(huán)氧氯丙烷交聯(lián),接枝三乙烯四胺,酸洗后制備出三乙烯四胺接枝多孔交聯(lián)殼聚糖吸附劑,對其表征;考察制備條件和吸附條件對Pb2+和Au3+吸附性能的影響,初步探討了吸附機(jī)理,結(jié)果表明:吸附劑表面孔增加,比表面積增大;環(huán)氧氯丙烷與殼聚糖的氨基和羥基交聯(lián),三乙烯四胺接枝在交聯(lián)殼聚糖上;Pb2+和Au3+的吸附過程,均可用Langmuir方程擬合,Au3+和Pb2+的吸附分別為吸熱和放熱過程;Pb2+和Au3+的吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)符合擬二級動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,且以化學(xué)吸附為主。重復(fù)使用5次,吸附量變化不大。以無水乙醇致孔,甲醛預(yù)交聯(lián)、環(huán)氧氯丙烷交聯(lián),接枝乙二胺,酸處理后制備出乙二胺接枝多孔交聯(lián)殼聚糖吸附劑,考察了制備條件和吸附條件對苯酚吸附性能的影響,結(jié)果表明:吸附劑表面形成了空穴和孔道,比表面積增大,殼聚糖的氨基參與交聯(lián)反應(yīng),生成希夫堿,羥基沒有參與交聯(lián)反應(yīng)。吸附過程可用Freundlich方程更好的擬合,且為吸熱過程;吸附動(dòng)力學(xué)符合擬二級動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,吸附活化能小于41.9 k J/mol,吸附可在室溫下進(jìn)行,且具有良好的再生性。
[Abstract]:Industrial wastewater, such as dye wastewater, heavy metal ion wastewater and organic wastewater containing phenols, seriously pollutes the environment and endangers human health, which has become a great challenge that must be faced at home and abroad at present. On the basis of previous studies, the porous cross-linked chitosan was prepared by using the natural polymer chitosan as the matrix. The porous chitosan was characterized and its adsorption properties were studied by means of pore formation, crosslinking and grafting. The effects of preparation conditions and static adsorption conditions on adsorption efficiency were investigated. The adsorption mechanism of dyes, heavy metal ions and phenol was discussed, which provided a theoretical basis and technical support for the treatment of industrial wastewater. Porous cross-linked chitosan was prepared by acid-treatment with anhydrous ethanol-induced pore, formaldehyde precrosslinking and epichlorohydrin crosslinking. The effects of preparation conditions and adsorption conditions on the adsorption properties of dyes were investigated. The results show that the adsorption process of methylene blue and acid scarlet can be better fitted by Langmuir equation, the adsorption process is endothermic process, and the adsorption kinetics accords with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption activation energy is less than 41.9 k / mol. The adsorption of methylene blue dye is mainly physical adsorption, and the adsorption of acid scarlet is chemisorption. The results showed that the adsorbent had porous structure, its specific surface area was significantly larger than that of chitosan, and the crosslinking of epichlorohydrin was successful. After regeneration, the adsorbent was reused for four times, and the adsorption capacity did not decrease significantly. Using polyethylene glycol 2000 as pore-forming agent, formaldehyde precrosslinking, crosslinking of epichlorohydrin and grafted triethylenetetramine, a porous chitosan adsorbent was prepared by acid washing and characterized. The effects of preparation conditions and adsorption conditions on the adsorption properties of Pb2 and Au3 were investigated. The adsorption mechanism was preliminarily discussed. The results showed that the surface pores of adsorbent increased and the specific surface area increased, and the amino and hydroxyl groups of epichlorohydrin and chitosan were crosslinked. The adsorption process of Pb _ 2 and Au3 on cross-linked chitosan by grafting triethylenetetraamine with triethylenetetraamine can be fitted by Langmuir equation. The adsorption kinetics of Au3 and Pb2 is endothermic and exothermic respectively. The adsorption kinetics of Pb2 and Au3 accords with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and chemisorption is the main one. After repeated use for 5 times, the adsorption amount did not change much. Porous chitosan adsorbents were prepared by acid-treatment of ethylenediamine, precrosslinked with formaldehyde, crosslinking of epichlorohydrin, grafting of ethylenediamine with anhydrous ethanol. The effects of preparation conditions and adsorption conditions on the adsorption properties of phenol were investigated. The results showed that holes and pores were formed on the surface of the adsorbent and the specific surface area was increased. The amino group of chitosan participated in the crosslinking reaction to form Schiff base and the hydroxyl group did not participate in the crosslinking reaction. The adsorption process can be fitted better by Freundlich equation and is an endothermic process. The adsorption kinetics accords with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, the adsorption activation energy is less than 41.9 kJ / mol, the adsorption can be carried out at room temperature and has good regeneration.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TQ424;X703

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