本文選題：有機(jī)負(fù)荷 + 厭氧折流板反應(yīng)器(ABR)　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：廢水厭氧生物處理技術(shù)因其處理負(fù)荷高并能回收沼氣等優(yōu)點(diǎn)而得到了廣泛研究和應(yīng)用,但也存在啟動(dòng)時(shí)間長、系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性不理想等不足。基于生物相分離技術(shù)思想而開發(fā)的厭氧折流板反應(yīng)器(Anaerobic Baffled Reactor,簡稱ABR),可為參與厭氧消化的各類菌群提供適宜的微環(huán)境,并通過各類群微生物構(gòu)成的“食物鏈”實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)有機(jī)物的逐級(jí)降解和轉(zhuǎn)化,大幅提高了厭氧生物處理系統(tǒng)的效能和運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性。但關(guān)于ABR內(nèi)的基質(zhì)沿程降解特性與生物相分離的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,認(rèn)識(shí)仍不夠深入,基于能量回收的控制條件優(yōu)化研究也比較缺乏。本文以ABR的調(diào)控運(yùn)行為基礎(chǔ),考察了有機(jī)負(fù)荷(Organic Loading Rate,簡稱OLR)對(duì)ABR處理效能和能量回收效率的影響;采用Andrews動(dòng)力學(xué)模型分析了COD的沿程降解動(dòng)力學(xué)特征,并進(jìn)一步探討了該特征與系統(tǒng)處理效能以及能量回收效率的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,以期為ABR的優(yōu)化控制和綜合效能提高提供依據(jù)和指導(dǎo)。在前期運(yùn)行的基礎(chǔ)上,將ABR的運(yùn)行條件控制為HRT 48 h、溫度35℃、進(jìn)水COD 4000 mg·L-1和p H 7.0左右等,系統(tǒng)可在30 d左右重新達(dá)到穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行狀態(tài),COD去除率和沼氣產(chǎn)量分別達(dá)到91.8%和25.4 L·d-1左右。隨著HRT從48 h分階段縮短至16 h,系統(tǒng)CO D平均去除率仍能維持在90%左右,而各個(gè)格室對(duì)系統(tǒng)COD去除率的貢獻(xiàn)則由以第1格室為主逐漸過渡為四個(gè)格室聯(lián)合作用。通過對(duì)各個(gè)格室沼氣甲烷含量及COD去除率的分析發(fā)現(xiàn),采用縮短HRT提高OLR的方式,可在一定程度上強(qiáng)化ABR的相分離特征,提高系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行穩(wěn)定性。系統(tǒng)的能量回收效率在HRT為40 h時(shí)最大,為60.5%。將HRT固定為40 h,分階段提高COD濃度,考察OLR對(duì)ABR相分離特征與運(yùn)行效能的影響。結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)進(jìn)水COD從2000 mg·L-1分階段提升為8000mg·L-1時(shí),系統(tǒng)均能穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行,其COD去除率從87.7%增加到了96.4%;發(fā)酵中間產(chǎn)物揮發(fā)性脂肪酸(Volatile Fatty Acid,簡稱VFA)主要在第1格室產(chǎn)生,并在后續(xù)格室中逐級(jí)得到轉(zhuǎn)化和去除;丁酸和丙酸的降解分別主要發(fā)生在第2和第3格室,第4格室很少有VFA的積累;沼氣產(chǎn)量從13.1 L·d-1大幅增加到了63.8 L·d-1,且第1和第2格室占據(jù)了總產(chǎn)氣量的80%以上,但其甲烷含量隨負(fù)荷增加而逐漸降低;系統(tǒng)的能量回收效率隨著進(jìn)水COD濃度的提高呈現(xiàn)逐漸下降趨勢。Andrews基質(zhì)降解動(dòng)力學(xué)模型能夠較好地模擬ABR系統(tǒng)中基質(zhì)的沿程降解過程,由其求得的k、Ks和Ki綜合表征了ABR系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的生物相分離現(xiàn)象。其中,第1格室以產(chǎn)酸發(fā)酵菌群為主,第2和第3格室則是產(chǎn)氫產(chǎn)乙酸菌群和產(chǎn)甲烷菌群的功能格室,第4格室在OLR階段性提高的調(diào)控運(yùn)行過程中,功能未能全部發(fā)揮,是系統(tǒng)的冗余格室,可以允許系統(tǒng)在更高的有機(jī)負(fù)荷下運(yùn)行,并對(duì)出水水質(zhì)起到了保障作用。
[Abstract]:Wastewater anaerobic biological treatment technology has been widely studied and applied because of its high treatment load and the ability to recover biogas, but it also has some shortcomings such as long start-up time and poor system stability. The anaerobic baffle reactor (ABR) developed based on the biological phase separation technology can provide a suitable microenvironment for all kinds of bacteria involved in anaerobic digestion. Through the "food chain" composed of various groups of microorganisms, the organic matter can be degraded and transformed step by step, which greatly improves the efficiency and stability of the anaerobic biological treatment system. However, the internal relationship between the degradation characteristics of substrate in ABR and the separation of biological phases is not well understood, and the optimization of control conditions based on energy recovery is also lacking. Based on the regulation and operation of ABR, the effects of organic Loading rate on the treatment efficiency and energy recovery efficiency of ABR were investigated, and the kinetic characteristics of COD degradation along the route were analyzed by Andrews kinetic model. Furthermore, the relationship between the characteristics and the efficiency of system processing and energy recovery is discussed in order to provide the basis and guidance for the optimization control of ABR and the improvement of comprehensive efficiency. On the basis of previous operation, the operating conditions of ABR were controlled as HRT 48 h, temperature 35 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1810278