發(fā)布時間：2018-04-25 02:38

  本文選題：河口 + TITech-WARM�。� 參考：《大連理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：河口長期以來受到來自上游排水和下游漲退潮的影響,產(chǎn)生了嚴重的重金屬二次污染,并由此導致水體生物死亡和居民用水困難等問題。為了保護河口的生態(tài)環(huán)境,保障居民飲水安全和人體健康,對河口重金屬污染問題的研究十分必要。因此,本文基于河口重金屬污染問題,從重金屬污染物的遷移分布與去除兩方面進行了研究：一、采用近年來環(huán)境領(lǐng)域新興的水質(zhì)模型TITech-WARM (Tokyo Institute of Technology Water Reservoir model),用該模型動態(tài)地研究了北上川入海河口重金屬污染物遷移分布規(guī)律。結(jié)果表明,以河口為起點,8天后,重金屬污染物主要向河道遷移,且濃度呈逐漸增高的趨勢；16天后,重金屬污染物已覆蓋整個河道,且濃度濃度繼續(xù)增加；24天后,重金屬污染物有返回河口利海洋的趨勢,濃度逐漸降低;整個過程中,模擬區(qū)域重金屬污染物每時每刻都呈現(xiàn)出具有一定濃度梯度的分布的規(guī)律。而河口循環(huán)是這個過程的推動力,它推動著重金屬污染物隨水流的運動而發(fā)生遷移。二、以本次模擬結(jié)果為依據(jù),提出針對河口重金屬污染物每時每刻都呈現(xiàn)出的具有一定濃度梯度分布規(guī)律的治理方法。用氣溶膠和碳熱還原法從原子水平合成鐵碳(Fe-C)復合物,選用來源廣泛、存在形態(tài)多樣,危害性較大的重金屬污染物Cr(VI)為治理對象,用Fe-C復合物對Cr(VI)的去除機理進行了詳細研究,結(jié)果表明,結(jié)果表明,Fe-C復合物對Cr(VI)有很好的去除效果,去除效率高達98.6%,且在去除過程中能較好的發(fā)揮吸收還原協(xié)同作用。因為反應過程中,C能有效的吸收Cr(VI),進而增加Fe-附近Cr(VI)濃度,使Cr(VI)與Fe靶向接觸,實現(xiàn)吸收還原協(xié)同作用,同時克服濃度過小帶來的傳質(zhì)問題。綜上所述,本文將模擬與實驗相結(jié)合。模擬有效地避免了傳統(tǒng)研究方法中現(xiàn)場采樣繁瑣,實驗數(shù)據(jù)滯后的問題,同時模擬結(jié)果為實驗指明了方向。以模擬結(jié)果為依據(jù),提出了針對河口重金屬污染物分布規(guī)律的治理方法。為了克服傳統(tǒng)單一方法的不足,聯(lián)合了吸附法和還原法的特點,用實驗室的氣溶膠和碳熱還原裝置自行研制Fe-C復合物對重金屬污染物Cr(VI)去除機理進行了詳細的研究,研究表明,Fe-C復合物對具有一定濃度梯度分布規(guī)律的河口重金屬污染物有徹底的去除效果。
[Abstract]:For a long time, estuaries have been affected by the upstream drainage and the rising and falling tide in the lower reaches, resulting in heavy metal secondary pollution, resulting in the death of water organisms and the difficulty of water use by residents. In order to protect the ecological environment of estuaries and ensure the safety of drinking water and human health, it is necessary to study the pollution of heavy metals in estuaries. Therefore, based on the problem of heavy metal pollution in estuaries, the transport, distribution and removal of heavy metal pollutants are studied in this paper. Using TITech-WARM Institute of Technology Water Reservoir model, a new water quality model in recent years, the transport and distribution of heavy metal pollutants in the estuary of Beichuan into the sea are dynamically studied. The results showed that the heavy metal pollutants mainly migrated to the river after 8 days of estuarine, and the concentration increased gradually. After 16 days, the heavy metal pollutants had covered the whole river, and the concentration continued to increase 24 days later. Heavy metal pollutants tend to return to the estuary and the ocean, and the concentration decreases gradually. During the whole process, the distribution of heavy metal pollutants in the simulated area shows a certain concentration gradient at every moment. The estuarine cycle is the driving force of this process, which promotes the migration of heavy metal pollutants with the water flow. Secondly, based on the results of this simulation, a method of controlling heavy metal pollutants in estuaries is proposed, which has a certain concentration gradient distribution law at every moment. Fe-C complex was synthesized from atomic level by aerosol and carbothermal reduction method. The removal mechanism of heavy metal pollutant CrVI, which is a heavy metal pollutant with a wide range of sources, various forms and great harmfulness, was studied in detail by using Fe-C complex. The results show that the Fe-C complex has a good removal effect on CrVI, and the removal efficiency is up to 98.66.In addition, the synergistic effect of absorption and reduction can be played well in the process of removal. In the process of reaction, C can effectively absorb Cr ~ (2 +) V _ (I _ (I)), and then increase the concentration of Cr ~ (2 +) V _ (I) near Fe _ (-), so that the target contact between Cr ~ (2 +) and Fe can realize the synergistic effect of absorption and reduction, and at the same time, the mass transfer problem caused by too small concentration can be overcome. To sum up, the simulation and experiment are combined in this paper. The simulation can effectively avoid the problem of tedious sampling in the field and the lag of the experimental data in the traditional research methods. At the same time, the simulation results show the direction of the experiment. Based on the simulation results, a method for controlling the distribution of heavy metal pollutants in estuaries is proposed. In order to overcome the shortcoming of traditional single method, the characteristics of adsorption method and reduction method were combined. The removal mechanism of heavy metal contaminant CrVI was studied in detail by using the aerosol and carbothermal reduction device in laboratory to prepare Fe-C complex to remove the heavy metal pollutant CrVI. The results show that the Fe-C complex has a thorough removal effect on heavy metal pollutants in estuaries with a certain concentration gradient distribution.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X52

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本文編號：1799414