本文選題：環(huán)己丁酸 + γ　； 參考：《南京航空航天大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在油砂污水(OSPW)和煉油廠污水中,環(huán)烷酸是最常見的有毒成分之一。環(huán)烷酸對(duì)水生環(huán)境中的動(dòng)植物具有較高的毒性,若未經(jīng)處理直接排放,將對(duì)環(huán)境造成重大污染并危害人類健康。目前,以羥基自由基為基礎(chǔ)的高級(jí)氧化技術(shù)已成為環(huán)境有機(jī)污染物降解的研究熱點(diǎn)。γ輻射技術(shù)是一種新興的高級(jí)氧化技術(shù),因其具有處理效果好、無需添加任何化學(xué)試劑、無二次污染等優(yōu)點(diǎn)而備受人們的關(guān)注,已廣泛應(yīng)用于環(huán)境中單一有機(jī)污染物和廢水的降解研究。由于環(huán)烷酸組成復(fù)雜,常采用單一組分環(huán)烷酸作為替代物對(duì)其降解動(dòng)力學(xué)進(jìn)行研究。本研究選擇環(huán)己丁酸作為研究對(duì)象,探討了不同因素對(duì)伽瑪輻射降解環(huán)己丁酸的降解效果的影響,并對(duì)其輻射降解機(jī)理進(jìn)行了研究。本文完成的主要內(nèi)容和得出的主要結(jié)果如下:(1)采用γ輻射對(duì)環(huán)己丁酸水溶液進(jìn)行輻射處理,以化學(xué)需氧量(CODCr)、環(huán)己丁酸去除率作為表征手段,研究了環(huán)己丁酸初始濃度、初始p H值、吸收劑量對(duì)環(huán)己丁酸的伽瑪輻射降解效果的影響。結(jié)果表明:在相同劑量條件下,環(huán)己丁酸初始濃度越高,CODCr去除率越低;酸性條件更利于溶液中CODCr的去除;環(huán)己丁酸的去除率隨著吸收劑量的增加而增加,隨著初始濃度的增加而降低;環(huán)己丁酸濃度隨吸收劑量變化的曲線經(jīng)擬合后呈線性關(guān)系(有較高的相關(guān)系數(shù)),表明環(huán)己丁酸輻射降解過程符合準(zhǔn)一級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)方程。(2)采用γ輻射與H2O2聯(lián)合處理環(huán)己丁酸,在一定p H值和吸收劑量的條件下,研究了不同初始H2O2濃度對(duì)伽瑪輻射降解環(huán)己丁酸的影響。結(jié)果表明:H2O2對(duì)γ射線輻射降解環(huán)己丁酸具有顯著的增強(qiáng)效應(yīng),當(dāng)p H=2.16、吸收劑量為9.75 k Gy以及H2O2初始濃度為1 mmol?L 1時(shí),其對(duì)40 mg?L 1環(huán)己丁酸的輻射降解的促進(jìn)效果較好。(3)采用γ輻射對(duì)環(huán)己丁酸進(jìn)行輻射降解的方法,研究了環(huán)己丁酸的伽瑪輻射降解的機(jī)理。通過加入自由基清除劑(硝酸鈉、亞硝酸鈉和叔丁醇)對(duì)輻射降解效果的影響研究,得出環(huán)己丁酸的輻射降解機(jī)理主要以羥基自由基氧化為主,羥基自由基在輻射降解過程中比氫自由基、水合電子起到更重要的作用;通過紫外分光光度計(jì)(UV-vis)、傅里葉紅外光譜儀(FTIR)和氣相色譜質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀(GC-MS)的測(cè)試,得到了主要的六種降解產(chǎn)物,其質(zhì)荷比m/z分別為92、106、98、112、140、和142,并推導(dǎo)了環(huán)己丁酸伽瑪輻射降解的途徑。
[Abstract]:Naphthenic acid is one of the most common toxic components in oil sand wastewater and refinery sewage. Naphthenic acid is highly toxic to animals and plants in aquatic environment. If discharged directly without treatment, it will cause serious pollution to the environment and endanger human health. At present, the advanced oxidation technology based on hydroxyl radical has become a research hotspot in the degradation of environmental organic pollutants. Gamma radiation technology is a new advanced oxidation technology, because of its good treatment effect, no need to add any chemical reagents. Due to the advantages of no secondary pollution, it has been widely used in the degradation of single organic pollutants and wastewater in the environment. Because of the complex composition of naphthenic acid, a single component naphthenic acid is often used as substitute to study the degradation kinetics of naphthenic acid. The effects of different factors on the degradation of cyclohexanoic acid by gamma radiation were studied, and the degradation mechanism of cyclohexanoic acid was studied. The main contents and results obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) 緯 radiation was used to treat cyclohexanoic acid aqueous solution. The initial concentration of cyclohexanoic acid was studied by means of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and removal rate of cyclohexanoic acid. Effects of initial pH and absorbed dose on gamma radiation degradation of cyclohexanoic acid. The results showed that the higher the initial concentration of cyclohexanoic acid was, the lower the removal rate of COD _ Cr was, the more favorable the removal of CODCr was to the acidic condition, the more the removal rate of cyclohexanoic acid was increased with the increase of the absorbed dose, the higher the initial concentration of cyclohexanoic acid was, the lower the removal rate of COD _ (Cr) was. With the increase of initial concentration, it decreases. The curve of cyclohexanoic acid concentration with absorbed dose showed a linear relationship (with high correlation coefficient, which indicated that the degradation process of cyclohexanoic acid was in accordance with the quasi-first-order kinetic equation. 2) 緯 radiation combined with H2O2 was used to treat cyclohexanoic acid. The effects of different initial H2O2 concentrations on the degradation of cyclohexanoic acid by gamma radiation were studied under certain pH values and absorbed doses. The results show that: h _ 2O _ 2 has a significant enhancement effect on 緯 -ray radiation degradation of cyclohexanoic acid, when pH 2.16, absorbed dose 9.75 kGy and initial concentration of H2O2 1 mmol?L ~ (-1). The mechanism of 緯 -irradiation degradation of cyclohexanoic acid was studied by means of 緯 -radiation method to promote the radiation degradation of cyclohexanoic acid for 40 mg?L ~ (-1) cyclohexanoic acid. The effects of free radical scavengers (sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite and tert-butanol) on the radiation degradation of cyclohexanoic acid were studied. It was concluded that the main mechanism of radiation degradation of cyclohexanoic acid was hydroxyl radical oxidation. Hydroxyl radicals play a more important role in the process of radiation degradation than hydrogen free radicals, and hydrated electrons play a more important role. The determination of hydroxyl radicals in the process of radiation degradation is carried out by UV spectrophotometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Six main degradation products were obtained, whose mass charge ratios m / z were 92106, 98112140, and 142.The methods of gamma radiation degradation of cyclohexanoic acid were deduced.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X74

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 周琪;伽瑪輻射測(cè)量中應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問題[J];干旱環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè);2001年02期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前1條

1 鐘國(guó)強(qiáng);傅彥彰;陳玨銓;HT-7物理實(shí)驗(yàn)組;;HT-7上中子與伽瑪輻射的時(shí)空分布研究[A];第十三屆全國(guó)核物理大會(huì)暨第八屆會(huì)員代表大會(huì)論文摘要集[C];2007年

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 高峰;伽瑪輻射對(duì)大腦學(xué)習(xí)和記憶的影響及其機(jī)理研究[D];南華大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 何燕泉;伽瑪輻射降解環(huán)己丁酸的研究[D];南京航空航天大學(xué);2015年

2 宋小安;成都平原地—空界面天然伽瑪輻射場(chǎng)研究[D];成都理工大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號(hào)：1798682