本文選題：活性炭 + 改性��； 參考：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近幾十年來(lái),抗生素的污染問(wèn)題受到了越來(lái)越廣泛的關(guān)注,尤其是在飲用水中抗生素類物質(zhì)也被檢測(cè)到,對(duì)人類和生態(tài)環(huán)境造成很大的威脅。因此研究如何去除這類水體污染物是勢(shì)在必行的。本文選擇不同方法對(duì)活性炭進(jìn)行改性,對(duì)比了不同改性活性炭的吸附效果。選擇吸附效果較好的AC-Cu、AC-Fe和AC-Al,作為后面實(shí)驗(yàn)的研究對(duì)象。首先對(duì)三種活性炭進(jìn)行了表面結(jié)構(gòu)和性質(zhì)的分析。結(jié)果表明,經(jīng)過(guò)三種浸漬改性后,活性炭的表面變得更粗糙。其中AC-Cu的比表面積降低較小,增加了碳碳雙鍵和芳香環(huán)類官能團(tuán)。AC-Fe的比表面積的減少量與AC-Cu的相似,而表面的芳香環(huán)類官能團(tuán)和羧基等含氧官能團(tuán)都有所減少。AC-Al比表面積降低最大,羥基和羧基等含氧官能團(tuán)都有所增加。并且在三種活性炭上都有相應(yīng)的金屬元素的存在。研究了不同條件對(duì)三種活性炭吸附頭孢他啶效果的影響。結(jié)果表明,離子強(qiáng)度的升高,頭孢他啶的吸附量會(huì)有所升高。而隨著pH值的升高,三種活性炭對(duì)頭孢他啶的吸附會(huì)明顯降低。低溫更有利于吸附的進(jìn)行。天然有機(jī)物腐植酸的存在并不會(huì)對(duì)頭孢他啶的吸附產(chǎn)生較大的影響。三種活性炭吸附頭孢他啶符合準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)模型。采用準(zhǔn)二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)計(jì)算出的AC-Cu對(duì)頭孢他啶的最大吸附量分別為200.0 mg·g-1(298 K)、196.1 mg.g-1(303 K)和185.2 mg·g-1(308 K),遠(yuǎn)高于AC-Fe和AC-A1對(duì)頭孢他啶的吸附量。頭孢他啶在吸附過(guò)程中主要受顆粒內(nèi)擴(kuò)散和液膜擴(kuò)散兩個(gè)過(guò)程控制。通過(guò)吸附等溫線及熱力學(xué)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)吸附過(guò)程均為自發(fā)的、放熱的,且可較好符合Freundlich和Tempkin等溫方程。
[Abstract]:In recent decades, more and more attention has been paid to the contamination of antibiotics, especially the detection of antibiotics in drinking water, which poses a great threat to human beings and the ecological environment.Therefore, it is imperative to study how to remove these water pollutants.In this paper, different methods were chosen to modify activated carbon, and the adsorption effect of different modified activated carbon was compared.AC-CuCU AC-Fe and AC-Al, which have better adsorption effect, were selected as the experimental objects.Firstly, the surface structure and properties of three activated carbon were analyzed.The results show that the surface of activated carbon becomes rougher after three kinds of impregnation modification.The decrease of specific surface area of AC-Cu was smaller, and the decrease of specific surface area of carbon / carbon double bond and aromatic ring functional group. AC-Fe was similar to that of AC-Cu.On the other hand, the oxygen functional groups such as aromatic ring group and carboxyl group on the surface were decreased. The specific surface area of AC-Al decreased the most, and the oxygen functional groups such as hydroxyl group and carboxyl group increased.And there are corresponding metal elements on three kinds of activated carbon.The effects of different conditions on the adsorption of ceftazidime by three kinds of activated carbon were studied.The results showed that the adsorption capacity of ceftazidime increased with the increase of ionic strength.With the increase of pH, the adsorption of ceftazidime to ceftazidime was significantly decreased.Low temperature is more favorable for adsorption.The presence of natural organic humic acid does not affect the adsorption of ceftazidime.The adsorption of ceftazidime by three kinds of activated carbon was in accordance with the quasi-second-order kinetic model.The maximum adsorption amounts of ceftazidime to ceftazidime by quasi second-order kinetics were 200.0 mg / g ~ (-1) K ~ (-1) and 185.2 mg / g ~ (-1) ~ 308K ~ (-1), respectively, which was much higher than that of AC-Fe and AC-A1 for ceftazidime.Ceftazidime adsorption is mainly controlled by intragranular diffusion and liquid film diffusion.Through adsorption isotherm and thermodynamic analysis, it is found that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic, and can well accord with Freundlich and Tempkin isothermal equations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ424.1;X703

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本文編號(hào)：1731012