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  本文選題：城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌　切入點：生活垃圾　出處：《華中科技大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：湖北省作為國家住房和城鄉(xiāng)建設部“城鄉(xiāng)生活垃圾統(tǒng)籌治理”試點省份,已啟動城鄉(xiāng)垃圾統(tǒng)籌治理工作。目前我國對城鄉(xiāng)垃圾治理問題缺乏系統(tǒng)研究,特別是在城鄉(xiāng)生活垃圾統(tǒng)籌治理的現(xiàn)狀評估和系統(tǒng)設施的優(yōu)化布局方面缺乏合理的方法。本文在對湖北省城鄉(xiāng)生活垃圾統(tǒng)籌治理現(xiàn)狀進行實地調研和相關資料調查、統(tǒng)計的基礎上構建模糊綜合評價模型進行現(xiàn)狀分析與評價,找出其制約因素,并進行地區(qū)間水平差異比較及分析。同時,針對不同城鄉(xiāng)生活垃圾統(tǒng)籌治理處理模式構建系統(tǒng)設施布局最小成本模型并進行模型簡化和修正。本研究基于課題組開展的湖北省十三五城鄉(xiāng)生活垃圾統(tǒng)籌治理規(guī)劃研究和若干個縣域的城鄉(xiāng)垃圾統(tǒng)籌治理規(guī)劃研究背景,采用建立的模型,通過實證研究得出以下結論:(1)通過定性、半定量及構建模糊綜合評價模型定量分析的多角度、多方法分析與評價湖北省城鄉(xiāng)生活垃圾治理現(xiàn)狀,可以看出:湖北省目前城鄉(xiāng)生活垃圾治理現(xiàn)狀整體較差,各地區(qū)之間、城區(qū)與農村之間治理現(xiàn)狀由于經濟條件及政策因素差異顯著,而治理設施建設及資金是制約湖北省城鄉(xiāng)生活垃圾統(tǒng)籌治理的主要因素。(2)通過將最小成本模型應用于隨縣城鄉(xiāng)生活垃圾統(tǒng)籌治理布局優(yōu)化實證研究表明:城鄉(xiāng)生活垃圾統(tǒng)籌治理重在布局,通過最小成本模型得到的最優(yōu)方案較最劣方案總成本降低了15%以上,尤其轉運站成本降低了43%,運輸成本降低了60%,經濟優(yōu)化作用明顯。同時,通過多方案比較和分析發(fā)現(xiàn)在布局過程中,不應盲從“村收集、鎮(zhèn)轉運、縣處理”模式,而應在該模式的基礎上,綜合考慮道路交通、運輸距離及垃圾產量等因素的影響,特別是山地、丘陵等交通狀況較差、運輸距離較大地區(qū)。片區(qū)劃分應盡量以重點鎮(zhèn)為中心,以3-4個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)為宜,對運輸距離太遠、地理單元比較獨立的地區(qū)應優(yōu)選小范圍獨立組團。
[Abstract]:Hubei Province, as a pilot province of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction, "Urban and rural domestic waste management" pilot province, has started the urban and rural garbage management work.At present, there is a lack of systematic research on urban and rural garbage treatment in China, especially in the evaluation of the status quo of urban and rural domestic waste management as a whole and the lack of reasonable methods in optimizing the layout of system facilities.In this paper, the status quo of urban and rural municipal solid waste management in Hubei Province is investigated on the spot and related data investigation. On the basis of statistics, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is constructed to analyze and evaluate the status quo, and find out the restrictive factors.Regional differences were compared and analyzed.At the same time, the minimum cost model of system facility layout is constructed, simplified and modified according to the different urban and rural municipal solid waste management and disposal mode.This study is based on the research background of urban and rural municipal solid waste (MSW) management planning in Hubei Province in the 13th Five-Year Plan and the urban and rural garbage management planning in several counties, and adopts the established model.Through the empirical research, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) through qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative analysis of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, the paper analyzes and evaluates the present situation of municipal solid waste management in urban and rural areas in Hubei Province from multiple angles and methods.It can be seen that the present situation of municipal solid waste treatment in urban and rural areas is relatively poor in Hubei Province, and there are significant differences between different regions and between urban and rural areas due to economic conditions and policy factors.The construction of governance facilities and funds are the main factors restricting the overall management of urban and rural domestic waste in Hubei Province. (2) through the application of the minimum cost model to the optimization of urban and rural municipal solid waste management layout optimization empirical research shows that: urban and rural students: urban and rural studentsThe overall management of living garbage is focused on layout.The optimal scheme obtained by the minimum cost model is more than 15% lower than the total cost of the worst scheme, especially the transfer station cost is reduced by 43%, the transportation cost is reduced by 60%, and the economic optimization is obvious.At the same time, through the comparison and analysis of multiple schemes, it is found that in the process of layout, we should not blindly follow the "village collection, town transit, county processing" model, but should consider the road traffic comprehensively on the basis of this model.The influence of transportation distance and garbage yield, especially in mountainous and hilly areas, is poor, and the transportation distance is relatively large.As far as possible, the key towns should be taken as the center, 3-4 towns as the appropriate areas, the transportation distance is too long, and the areas with independent geographical units should be selected as small independent groups as possible.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：X799.3

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